Skip to main content
Log in

New Evidence from the Grey Area: Danish Results for At-risk Gambling

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Gambling Studies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study investigates the differences between at-risk gamblers and no-risk gamblers to provide a closer inspection of the characteristics and gambling behavior of at-risk gamblers. The data stem from the first Danish large-scale nationwide study, in 2005, followed by a second wave interview in 2006. The first wave sample consists of 4,932 current gamblers with no current gambling problems or pathology, and the second wave re-interviewed 379 of them. The analysis involves both a logistic regression and cross-tabulations. The results show that at-risk gamblers and no-risk gamblers have significantly different socio-demographic profiles and gambling behaviors. At-risk gambling is more prevalent for men, young-to-middle-aged people, and immigrants, and at-risk gamblers are more likely to have low income, low education, and no children living at home. This study shows that playing high-risk games substantially increases the odds for at-risk gambling. This finding is important for all professionals involved in preventive work.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abbott, M. W., & Volberg, R. A. (2000). Taking the pulse of gambling and problem gambling in New Zealand: A report on phase one of the 1999 national prevalence survey. Report no. three of the New Zealand gaming survey. Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Internal Affairs.

  • Abbott, M. W., Williams, M., & Volberg, R. A. (1999). Seven years on: A follow-up study of frequent and problem gamblers living in the community. Report no. two of the New Zealand gaming survey. Wellington, New Zealand: Department of Internal Affairs.

  • Abbott, M. W., Williams, M., & Volberg, R. A. (2004). A prospective study of problem and regular non problem gamblers living in the community. Substance Use and Misuse, 39(6), 855–884.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Abott, M. W., & Clarke, D. (2007). Prospective problem gambling research: Contribution and potential. International Gambling Studies, 7(1), 123–144.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bondolfi, G., Osiek, C., & Ferrero, F. (2000). Prevalence estimates of pathological gambling in Switzerland. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 101, 473–475.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bonke, J. (2007). Ludomani i Danmark II Faktorer af betydning for spilleproblemer [Gambling in Denmark II Factors involved in problem gambling] (Rep. No. 07:14). Copenhagen: Institute of Social Research.

  • Bonke, J., & Borregaard, K. (2006). Ludomani i Danmark. Ubredelsen af pengespil og problemspillere [Gambling in Denmark. The prevalence of gambling and problem gamblers] (Rep. No. 06:12). Copenhagen: Institute of Social Research.

  • Bonke, J., & Borregaard, K. (2009). The prevalence of problematic gambling behaviour: A Scandinavian comparison. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 37, 654–660.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cornish, D. (1978). Gambling: A review of the literature and its implications for policy and research. Home office research study (Vol. 42). London: HMSO.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gerstein, D., Hoffmann, J., Larison, C., Engelman, L., Murphy, S., Palmer, A., et al. (1999). Gambling impact and behavior study. USA: National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Götestam, K. G., & Johansson, A. (2003). Characteristics of gambling and problematic gambling in the Norwegian context: A DSM-IV-based telephone interview study. Addictive Behaviors, 28, 189–197.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths, M. (1999). Gambling technologies: Prospects for problem gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 15, 265–283.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths, M. D., & Wood, R. T. A. (2001). The psychology of lottery gambling. International Gambling Studies, 1, 27–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths, M. D., Wood, R. T. A., Parke, J., & Parke, A. (2007). Gaming research and best practice: Gaming industry, social responsibility and academia. Casino and Gaming International, 3, 97–103.

    Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths, M. D., Wood, R. T. A., & Parke, J. (2008). Social responsibility in gambling: How to build responsibility into the programme. eGaming Review, January, 43–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johansson, A., Grant, J. E., Kim, S. W., Odlaug, B. L., & Götestam, K. G. (2009). Risk factors for problematic gambling: A critical literature review. Journal of Gambling Studies, 25, 67–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jonsson, J., Andrén, A., Nilsson, T., Svensson, O., Munck, I., Kindstedt, A., et al. (2003). Gambling addiction in Sweden—the characteristics of problem gamblers—report from Phase II of then Swedish National Study on gambling and problem gambling. Stockholm: the National Institute of Public Health.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kavli, H., & Berntsen, W. (2005). Gambling habits and gambling problems in the population. Oslo: MMI Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ladouceur, R., Boudreault, N., Jacques, C., & Vitaro, F. (1999). Pathological gambling and related problems among adolescents. Journal of Child & Adolescent Substance Abuse, 8, 55–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lund, I. (2007). Lessons from the grey area: A closer inspection of at-risk gamblers. Journal of Gambling Studies, 23, 409–419.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lund, I., & Nordlund, S. (2003). Pengespill og Pengespillproblemer i Norge [Gambling and Problem Gambling in Norway]. Oslo: Norwegian Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orford, J., Sproston, K., Erens, B., White, C., & Mitchell, L. (2003). Gambling and problem gambling in Britain. London: Brunner Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Volberg, R. A., Abbott, M. W., Rönnberg, S., & Munck, I. M. E. (2001). Prevalence and risks of pathological gambling in Sweden. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 104, 250–256.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wiebe, J., Cox, B., & Falkowski-Ham, A. (2003a). Psychological and social factors associated with problem gambling in Ontario: A one year follow-up study. Toronto: Responsible Gambling Council (Ontario).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiebe, J., Cox, B., & Falkowski-Ham, A. (2003b). Exploring the evolution of problem gambling: A one year follow-up study. Toronto: Responsible Gambling Council (Ontario).

    Google Scholar 

  • Winters, K. C., Stinchfield, R., & Fulkerson, J. (1993). Patterns and characteristics of adolescent gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 9, 371–386.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The author is grateful to Sune Thomas Neye for very helpful research assistance and Connie Nielsen for participating in some discussions. The author acknowledges financial support from the Danish Social Research Council, FSE.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stéphanie Vincent Lyk-Jensen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lyk-Jensen, S.V. New Evidence from the Grey Area: Danish Results for At-risk Gambling. J Gambl Stud 26, 455–467 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-009-9173-5

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-009-9173-5

Keywords

Navigation