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The Integration of Noninvasive Prenatal Screening into the Existing Prenatal Paradigm: a Survey of Current Genetic Counseling Practice

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Journal of Genetic Counseling

Abstract

Since its introduction four years ago, noninvasive prenatal screening for fetal aneuploidy (NIPS) has been widely adopted as a screening tool for women at a high risk for fetal aneuploidy. As use expands into the general population, questions arise concerning the integration of NIPS into preexisting screening paradigms. This study aims to examine the use of NIPS in current practice among prenatal counselors, predominantly in the United States, in order to inform strategies for the optimal use of both new and existing screening techniques. We electronically surveyed 208 members of the National Society of Genetic Counselors to ascertain how NIPS is currently being used. Genetic counselors were also queried as to the advantages and disadvantages of offering NIPS to all patients regardless of a priori risk. Results indicate substantial variation in practice regarding which patients are offered NIPS and how counselors have incorporated this technology into existing screening routines. The majority of participants report offering NIPS in conjunction with another method of screening for fetal aneuploidy, indicating that NIPS is being used as an addition rather than as a replacement. These screening methods primarily include nuchal translucency (NT) (45.1 %, n = 78) and first trimester serum screening, with or without an NT (19.7 %, n = 34). Furthermore, the majority report that they would be concerned about losing the clinical value of an NT in a complete transition to NIPS (85.4 %, n = 164). Counselors are evenly split on the merits of expanding the use of NIPS to the general population (con: 55.3 %, n = 105; pro: 44.7 %, n = 85). The lack of consensus suggests that updated practice guidelines might benefit counselors. In addition, respondents emphasized the need to better educate patients and providers about the risks, benefits, and limitations of the test.

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Acknowledgments

This study was completed as part of the first author’s Master of Science degree. The authors wish to thank all those who assisted in the development of the survey, data analysis, and those who participated in the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, 1695 Eastchester Road, Suite 301, Bronx, New York, NY, 10461, USA

    Emily Suskin, Kathleen Erskine Aaron & Komal Bajaj

  2. The Joan H. Marks Graduate Program in Human Genetics, Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, Bronxville, NY, USA

    Laura Hercher

  3. Jacobi Medical Center, New York City Health + Hospitals, New York, NY, USA

    Komal Bajaj

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  1. Emily Suskin
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  2. Laura Hercher
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Correspondence to Emily Suskin.

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Authors Emily Suskin, Laura Hercher, Kathleen Erskine Aaron, and Komal Bajaj declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Human Studies and Informed Consent

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 (5). Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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No animal studies were carried out by the authors for this article.

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Suskin, E., Hercher, L., Aaron, K.E. et al. The Integration of Noninvasive Prenatal Screening into the Existing Prenatal Paradigm: a Survey of Current Genetic Counseling Practice. J Genet Counsel 25, 1032–1043 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-016-9934-0

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