Abstract
A double immunohistochemical technique for the simultaneous detection of T- and B cells in paraffin-embedded mice tissues have been developed. This procedure is based on using fluorescent nano-crystals (q-dots). The benefit of using q-dots evolves from their unique fluorescence characteristics advantages: such as broad excitation spectrum, narrow emission band and high photo-bleaching threshold compare to organic fluorophores. T cells antigens (CD3) were stained using antibody-coated q-dots with max emission at 655 nm (GαRb-QD655). B cells antigens (CD45R/B220) were stained using streptavidin-coated q-dots with max emission at 585 nm (SA-QD585). The simultaneous detection of T- and B cells was demonstrated in paraffin-embedded lymph node using standard fluorescence microscope.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. Poppema, A. K. Bhan, E. L. Reinherz, R. T. McCluskey, and S. F. Schlossman (1981). Distribution of T cell subsets in human lymph nodes. J. Exp. Med. 153, 30–41.
B. Vidal-Rubio, M. Sanchez-Carril, J. Oliver-Morales, A. Gonzales-Femandez, and F. Gambon-Deza (2001). Changes in human lymphocyte subpopulations in tonsils and regional lymph nodes of human head and neck squamous carcinoma compared to control lymph nodes. BMC Immunol. 2, 2
H. Sako, Y. Nakane, K. Okino, K. Nishihara, M. Kodamam, M. Kawata, and H. Yamada (1986). Simultaneous detection of B-cells and T-cells by a double immunohistochemical technique using immunogold-silver staining and the avidin–biotin–peroxidase complex method. Histochemistry 86, 1–4.
J. B. Birk (1970). Photophysics of Aromatic Molecules, Wiley/Interscience, London.
R. P. Haugland (2002). Handbook of Fluorescent Probes and Research Products, 9th ed., Molecular Probes, USA.
B. Valeur (2002). Molecular Fluorescence: Principles and Applications, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim.
M. A. Hines and P. Guyot-Sionnest (1996). Synthesis and characterisation of strongly luminescing ZnS-capped CdSe nanocrystals. J. Phys. Chem. 100, 468–471.
A. P. Alivisatos (1996). Perspectives on the physical chemistry of semiconductor nanocrystals. J. Phys. Chem. 100, 13226–13239.
M. Han, X. Gao, J. S. Su, and S. Nie (2001).Quantum-dot-tagged microbead for multiplexed optical coding of biomolecules. Nat. Biotech. 19, 631–635.
E. R. Goldman, G. P. Anderson, P. T. Tran, H. Mattoussi, P. T. Charles, and J. M. Mauro (2002). Conjugation of luminescent quantum dots with antibodies using an engineered adaptor protein to provide new reagents for fluoroimmunoassays. Anal. Chem. 74, 841–847.
D. Gerion, F. Pinaud, S. C. Williams, W. J. Parak, D. Zanchet, S. Weiss, and A. P. Alivisatos (2001). Synthesis and properties of biocompatible water-soluble silica-coated CdSe/ZnS semiconductor quantum dots. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 8861–8871.
M. Bruchez Jr., M. Moronne, P. Gin, S. Weiss, and A. P. Alivisatos (1998). Semiconductor nanocrystals as fluorescent biological labels. Science 281, 2013–2016.
X. Michalet, F. Pinaud, L. A. Bentolila, J. M. Tsay, S. Doose, J. J. L. Sundaresan, A. M. Wu, S. S. Gambhir, and S. Weiss (2005). Quantum dots for live cells, in vivo imaging and diagnostics. Science 307, 538–544.
M. E. Akerman, W. C. W. Chan, P. Laakkonen, S. N. Bhatia, and E. Ruoslahti (2002). Nanocrystal targeting in vivo Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99, 12617–12621.
B. Dubertret, P. Skourides, D. J. Norris, V. Noireaux, A. H. Brivanlou, and A. Libchaber (2002). In vivo imaging of quantum-dots encapsulated in phospholipid micelles. Science 298, 1759–1762.
E. R. Goldman, E. D. Balighian, H. Mattoussi, M. K. Kuno, J. M. Mauro, P. T. Tran, and G. P. Anderson (2002). Avidin: A natural bridge for quantum dot—Antibody conjugates. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 6378–6382.
B. Sun, W. Xie, G. Yi, D. Chen, Y. Zhou, and J. Cheng (2001). Microminiaturized immunoassays using quantum dots as fluorescent label by laser confocal scanning fluorescence detection. J. Immunol. Meth. 249, 85–89.
J. M. Ness, E. S. Akhtar, C. B. Latham, and K. A. Roth (2003). Combined tyramide signal amplification and quantum dots for sensitive and photostable immunofluorescence detection. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 51, 981–987.
X. Wu, H. Liu, J. Liu, K. N. Haley, J. A. Treadway, J. P. Larson, N. Ge, F. Peale, and M. P. Bruchez (2003). Immunofluorescence labeling of cancer marker Her2 and other cellular targets with semiconductor quantum dots. Nat. Biotech. 21, 41–46.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zahavy, E., Freeman, E., Lustig, S. et al. Double Labeling and Simultaneous Detection of B- and T Cells Using Fluorescent Nano-Crystal (q-dots) in Paraffin-Embedded Tissues. J Fluoresc 15, 661–665 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-005-2972-x
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-005-2972-x