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Factors Influencing Capture of Invasive Sea Lamprey in Traps Baited With a Synthesized Sex Pheromone Component

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Abstract

The sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, is emerging as a model organism for understanding how pheromones can be used for manipulating vertebrate behavior in an integrated pest management program. In a previous study, a synthetic sex pheromone component 7α,12α, 24-trihydroxy-5α-cholan-3-one 24-sulfate (3kPZS) was applied to sea lamprey traps in eight streams at a final in-stream concentration of 10−12 M. Application of 3kPZS increased sea lamprey catch, but where and when 3kPZS had the greatest impact was not determined. Here, by applying 3kPZS to additional streams, we determined that overall increases in yearly exploitation rate (proportion of sea lampreys that were marked, released, and subsequently recaptured) were highest (20–40 %) in wide streams (~40 m) with low adult sea lamprey abundance (<1000). Wide streams with low adult abundance may be representative of low-attraction systems for adult sea lamprey and, in the absence of other attractants (larval odor, sex pheromone), sea lamprey may have been more responsive to a partial sex pheromone blend emitted from traps. Furthermore, we found that the largest and most consistent responses to 3kPZS were during nights early in the trapping season, when water temperatures were increasing. This may have occurred because, during periods of increasing water temperatures, sea lamprey become more active and males at large may not have begun to release sex pheromone. In general, our results are consistent with those for pheromones of invertebrates, which are most effective when pest density is low and when pheromone competition is low.

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Acknowledgements

US Fish and Wildlife Service and Fisheries and Oceans Canada provided traps and over 50 personnel to check traps and apply 3kPZS. We thank Jessica Barber and Lisa Walter of the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Marquette Biological Station for logistic support in the execution of the field work. Jean Adams provided statistical support. Drs. Michael Hansen and John Hume provided valuable comments that improved the manuscript. Ryan Booth, Nicole Griewahn, Sarah Larden, Andrea Phippen, Sara Ruiter, Anne Scott, Henry Thompson, Jason VanEffen, and Thomas Voigt were critical components of the field team. The research would not have been conducted if not for efforts of Jane Rivera, Dr. David Kennedy, and Dr. Terry Hubert of USGS, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center to obtain experimental user permits to apply 3kPZS. The Great Lakes Fishery Commission provided funding and support. This manuscript is contribution number 1947 of the Great Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USGS, Great Lakes Science Center, Hammond Bay Biological Station, 11188 Ray Road, Millersburg, MI, 49759, USA

    Nicholas S. Johnson

  2. Great Lakes Fishery Commission, 2100 Commonwealth Blvd., Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA

    Michael J. Siefkes

  3. Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, Room 13 Natural Resources Building, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    C. Michael Wagner & Weiming Li

  4. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Sea Lamprey Control Centre, 1219 Queen Street East, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, P6A 2E5, USA

    Gale Bravener & Todd Steeves

  5. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marquette Biological Station, 3090 Wright St., Marquette, MI, 49855, USA

    Michael Twohey

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  1. Nicholas S. Johnson
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Correspondence to Nicholas S. Johnson.

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Johnson, N.S., Siefkes, M.J., Wagner, C.M. et al. Factors Influencing Capture of Invasive Sea Lamprey in Traps Baited With a Synthesized Sex Pheromone Component. J Chem Ecol 41, 913–923 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-015-0626-2

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