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Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Has Contrasting Effects on Prey Capture by Two Co-Occurring Wolf Spider Species

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Abstract

Anthropogenic substances have the potential to affect animal behavior either because they present a novel stimulus or because they interfere with natural chemical communication pathways. Such shifts can alter the dynamic between predators and potential prey, which might affect population success as well as the strength of food web linkages. We examined the foraging of two wolf spiders, Tigrosa helluo and Pardosa milvina (Araneae, Lycosidae), that are abundant in agroecosystems where they are routinely exposed to herbicides. We tested the hypothesis that the presence of a commercial formulation of a glyphosate-based herbicide would affect the prey capture behavior of these two wolf spiders. We tested the larger Tigrosa foraging on Pardosa or crickets (Acheta domesticus) and the smaller Pardosa foraging on crickets. Tigrosa subdued crickets more quickly and with fewer lunges than it took them to capture Pardosa. The presence of herbicide allowed Tigrosa to orient toward and capture both prey species more quickly but it did not affect the number of lunges required to subdue either prey. Herbicide did not affect the timing of prey capture for Pardosa but it did cause them to use more lunges in the process. Thus, herbicide had contrasting effects on foraging behavior of these two agrobiont predators, which means that it could shift the direction and strength of food web linkages in complex ways.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful for the use of the Ecology Research Center where spiders were collected. Experiments were funded by Miami University’s DUOS (Doctoral Undergraduate Opportunity for Scholarship) grant to SR and KMW, a Dean’s Scholarship Award to SR, the Department of Zoology and the Hamilton Campus. Alex Webb’s participation was supported by a National Science Foundation Research Experiences for Undergraduates site grant (1156703). We are indebted to participants in the Miami University spider lab between 2008 and 2013 for advice, assistance in the laboratory and field and editorial suggestions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, 45056, USA

    Sandra Rittman, Kerri M. Wrinn, Samuel C. Evans & Alex W. Webb

  2. Department of Biology, Sacramento State University, Sacramento, CA, 95819, USA

    Alex W. Webb

  3. Department of Biology, Miami University, Hamilton, OH, 45011, USA

    Ann L. Rypstra

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  1. Sandra Rittman
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  2. Kerri M. Wrinn
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  5. Ann L. Rypstra
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Correspondence to Ann L. Rypstra.

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Rittman, S., Wrinn, K.M., Evans, S.C. et al. Glyphosate-Based Herbicide Has Contrasting Effects on Prey Capture by Two Co-Occurring Wolf Spider Species. J Chem Ecol 39, 1247–1253 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-013-0353-5

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