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Magnetic Investigation of Various NiFe2−x Bi x O4 Ferrite Nanostructures Synthesized by Ball Milling Technique

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Abstract

NiFe2−x Bi x O4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) nanoparticles with various grain sizes were synthesized via annealing treatment followed by ball milling of its bulk component materials. Commercially available bismuth, nickel and iron oxide powders were first mixed and then annealed at 1200 °C in an oxygen environment furnace for 4 h. The samples were then milled for 2 h by high-energy ball milling. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern indicated that in this stage the samples are single phase. The microstructure investigation was carried out by a scanning electron microscope with maximum magnification of 30,000. The average grain size for different samples was estimated by XRD technique and transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic behavior of the samples at room temperature was studied using an alternating gradient force magnetometry. The Néel temperature of the powders was measured by a Faraday balance. Based on magnetic studies, increase in bismuth content leads to a decrease in the saturation magnetization, coercive field and Néel temperature. This can be attributed to the substitution of Bi3+ ion in the ferrite system as a nonmagnetic cation.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the “Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran”; for TEM image, “Kashan University, Kashan, Iran”; for AGFM measurements, “Falavarjan Free University, Esfahan, Iran”; for Néel temperature and “Arak University, Arak, Iran” for XRD patterns preparation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Payame Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran

    Marjaneh Jafari Fesharaki

  2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Arak University, 38156-8-8349, Arak, Islamic Republic of Iran

    Gholamreza Nabiyouni & Bita Shahdoost

  3. Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, Islamic Republic of Iran

    Seyed Farshad Akhtarianfar

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  1. Marjaneh Jafari Fesharaki
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  2. Gholamreza Nabiyouni
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  3. Bita Shahdoost
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  4. Seyed Farshad Akhtarianfar
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Correspondence to Gholamreza Nabiyouni.

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Jafari Fesharaki, M., Nabiyouni, G., Shahdoost, B. et al. Magnetic Investigation of Various NiFe2−x Bi x O4 Ferrite Nanostructures Synthesized by Ball Milling Technique. J Clust Sci 27, 1005–1015 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-015-0907-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-015-0907-5

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