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Recurrent Respiratory Infections, Specific Antibody Deficiencies, and Memory B Cells

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Abstract

Objectives

To investigate the immunological phenotypes detected in children with recurrent upper and lower respiratory infections that have normal total immunoglobulin concentrations.

Methods

A cohort of over 60 children with recurrent respiration infections was evaluated for specific antibody deficiencies (SAD) and for memory B-cell abnormalities. A control group of children without recurrent infections was also evaluated. Evaluation included a detailed history of immunizations with pneumococcal vaccines; determination of IgM, IgG, IgA, and IgE concentrations; measurement of anti-pneumococcal polysaccharide antibody levels by ELISA and expression of CD27, IgD, and IgM on peripheral CD19+B cells by flow cytometry to determine the proportions of naive, IgM-memory B cells, and class-switched memory B cells.

Results

Patients were classified as having a SAD to either pure polysaccharides (PPV-SAD) or to conjugate polysaccharides (PCV-SAD) based on the number of polysaccharides to which they developed an adequate antibody response. A normal response to only 2 or fewer of 7 PCV or PPV serotypes was considered as evidence of SAD. Forty-one patients without SAD and 26 with SAD were identified. IgM-memory B cells were low in 3 of 41 patients without SAD; in 3 of 5 PPV-SAD patients; and in 10 of 21 PCV-SAD patients. Class-switched memory B cells were low in 19 of 41 patients without SAD; in all 5 patients with PPV-SAD; and in 11 of 21PCV-SAD patients.

Conclusions

Patients with recurrent infection with or without SAD may have low IgM- and/or class-switched memory B cells. Ongoing research aims to determine the prognostic implications of these differences in patients with SAD.

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Acknowledgments

This work was partially supported by Talecris Biotherapeutics and The Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Allergy/Immunology Division, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies and Children’s Hospital, 200 Henry Clay Avenue, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA

    Lily E. Leiva, Hanh Monjure & Ricardo U. Sorensen

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  1. Lily E. Leiva
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  2. Hanh Monjure
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  3. Ricardo U. Sorensen
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Correspondence to Lily E. Leiva.

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Leiva, L.E., Monjure, H. & Sorensen, R.U. Recurrent Respiratory Infections, Specific Antibody Deficiencies, and Memory B Cells. J Clin Immunol 33 (Suppl 1), 57–61 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-012-9814-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-012-9814-9

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