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TLR4 Polymorphisms and Ageing: Implications for the Pathophysiology of Age-Related Diseases

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Abstract

Introduction

Innate immunity provides a first line of host defense against infection by recognizing and killing microbes while simultaneously activating an instructive immune response. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are principal mediators of rapid microbial recognition and function mainly by detection of pathogen-associated molecular patterns that do not exist in the host. Recognition of their ligands leads to a series of signaling events resulting in acute host responses, involved in killing pathogens.

Discussion

We describe the involvement of TLR4 polymorphisms in ageing, and in particular in age-related diseases, suggesting the crucial role of molecules of innate immunity in pathophysiology of these diseases. Hence, we observed that pro-inflammatory alleles may be related to unsuccessful ageing, such as Alzheimer’s disease, prostate cancer, and atherosclerosis; in contrast, the control of inflammation by anti-inflammatory alleles may result in increased longevity and successful ageing. Finally, a possible therapeutic approach to delay age-related diseases is outlined.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Italian Ministry of Health grant (molecular mechanisms of stem cancer cell survival control) to C. Caruso and by the Ministry of Education, University and Research (ex60%) grant to G. Candore and C. Caruso.

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  1. Gruppo di Studio sull’Immunosenescenza, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Metodologie Biomediche dell’Università di Palermo, Corso Tukory, 211, 90134, Palermo, Italy

    Carmela Rita Balistreri, Giuseppina Colonna-Romano, Domenico Lio, Giuseppina Candore & Calogero Caruso

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  1. Carmela Rita Balistreri
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  2. Giuseppina Colonna-Romano
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  3. Domenico Lio
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  4. Giuseppina Candore
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  5. Calogero Caruso
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Correspondence to Calogero Caruso.

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Balistreri, C.R., Colonna-Romano, G., Lio, D. et al. TLR4 Polymorphisms and Ageing: Implications for the Pathophysiology of Age-Related Diseases. J Clin Immunol 29, 406–415 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-009-9297-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10875-009-9297-5

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