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Volitional processes and daily smoking: examining inter- and intraindividual associations around a quit attempt

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Abstract

The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) assumes that volitional processes are important for effective behavioral change. However, intraindividual associations have not yet been tested in the context of smoking cessation. This study examined the inter- and intraindividual associations between volitional HAPA variables and daily smoking before and after a quit attempt. Overall, 100 smokers completed daily surveys on mobile phones from 10 days before until 21 days after a self-set quit date, including self-efficacy, action planning, action control, and numbers of cigarettes smoked. Negative associations between volitional variables and daily numbers of cigarettes smoked emerged at the inter- and intraindividual level. Except for interindividual action planning, associations were stronger after the quit date than before the quit date. Self-efficacy, planning and action control were identified as critical inter- and intraindividual processes in smoking cessation, particularly after a self-set quit attempt when actual behavior change is performed.

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Notes

  1. This study was part of a larger longitudinal study. Based on these data, the research team has pursued other unique theoretical questions in publications with a different theoretical focus and different data subsets (Lüscher et al., in press; Lüscher et al., 2014; Ochsner et al., in press; Ochsner et al., 2014).

  2. Due to the competing statement of repeated measures, models including a random effect of the intercept did not converge why no random intercept was specified in the analyses.

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Acknowledgments

The first author is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (PP00P1_133632/1). This project was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (100014_124516).

Conflict of interest

The authors Corina Berli, Sibylle Ochsner, Gertraud Stadler, Nina Knoll, Rainer Hornung and Urte Scholz declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Human and animal rights and Informed Consent

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 (5). Informed consent was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Health Psychology, University of Bern, Fabrikstrasse 8, 3012, Bern, Switzerland

    Corina Berli

  2. University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

    Sibylle Ochsner, Rainer Hornung & Urte Scholz

  3. Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

    Gertraud Stadler

  4. Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

    Nina Knoll

Authors
  1. Corina Berli
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  2. Sibylle Ochsner
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  3. Gertraud Stadler
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  4. Nina Knoll
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  5. Rainer Hornung
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  6. Urte Scholz
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Correspondence to Corina Berli.

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Berli, C., Ochsner, S., Stadler, G. et al. Volitional processes and daily smoking: examining inter- and intraindividual associations around a quit attempt. J Behav Med 38, 306–317 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-014-9598-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-014-9598-x

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