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Negative emotions and quality of life six months after cardiac surgery: the dominant role of depression not anxiety symptoms

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Abstract

The specific syndromal aspects of depression and anxiety have not been explored in relation to changes in health related quality of life (HRQOL) after cardiac surgery. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of general stress, depression and anxiety on HRQOL after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Utilizing a tripartite conceptual model of depression and anxiety, it was hypothesized that general stress symptoms, rather than unique depressive or anxiogenic symptoms, would be associated with lower HRQOL 6 months after CABG surgery. Elective CABG patients (n = 226) completed baseline and postoperative self-report measures of negative emotions and HRQOL, and 193 patients completed these measures at 6-month follow-up. Multiple linear regression analyses and logit link analyses were performed to test the hypothesis. Elevated depression symptoms before and after surgery showed an association with lower and worse HRQOL for vitality and social role functioning and physical and general health. This study adds to previous research by outlining discrete associations between specific HRQOL domains, and is perhaps the first to test a theoretical model of depression and anxiety in relation to cardiac CABG patients’ perceptions of HRQOL. These findings encourage further research on negative emotions and HRQOL in cardiac surgery patients and the practical implications of these findings are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award and The Sir Robert Menzies Memorial Research Scholarships in the Allied Health Sciences for Mr. P. J. Tully. We kindly thank Dr. Nancy Briggs, Department of Public Health, University of Adelaide, for her statistical consulting advice and Ms. Josephine Helm for her administrative assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiac and Thoracic Surgical Unit, Department of Medicine, Flinders Medical Centre and Flinders University, Level 6 Flinders Private Hospital, Bedford Park, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia

    Phillip J. Tully, Robert A. Baker & John L. Knight

  2. School of Psychology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Phillip J. Tully, Deborah A. Turnbull & Helen R. Winefield

  3. Department of Psychiatry, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia

    Phillip J. Tully & Helen R. Winefield

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  1. Phillip J. Tully
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Correspondence to Phillip J. Tully.

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Tully, P.J., Baker, R.A., Turnbull, D.A. et al. Negative emotions and quality of life six months after cardiac surgery: the dominant role of depression not anxiety symptoms. J Behav Med 32, 510–522 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-009-9225-4

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