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Nanostructured calcium phosphate coatings on magnesium alloys: characterization and cytocompatibility with mesenchymal stem cells

  • Engineering and Nano-engineering Approaches for Medical Devices
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Abstract

This article reports the deposition and characterization of nanostructured calcium phosphate (nCaP) on magnesium–yttrium alloy substrates and their cytocompatibility with bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). The nCaP coatings were deposited on magnesium and magnesium–yttrium alloy substrates using proprietary transonic particle acceleration process for the dual purposes of modulating substrate degradation and BMSC adhesion. Surface morphology and feature size were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and quantitative image analysis tools. Surface elemental compositions and phases were analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The deposited nCaP coatings showed a homogeneous particulate surface with the dominant feature size of 200–500 nm in the long axis and 100–300 nm in the short axis, and a Ca/P atomic ratio of 1.5–1.6. Hydroxyapatite was the major phase identified in the nCaP coatings. The modulatory effects of nCaP coatings on the sample degradation and BMSC behaviors were dependent on the substrate composition and surface conditions. The direct culture of BMSCs in vitro indicated that multiple factors, including surface composition and topography, and the degradation-induced changes in media composition, influenced cell adhesion directly on the sample surface, and indirect adhesion surrounding the sample in the same culture. The alkaline pH, the indicator of Mg degradation, played a role in BMSC adhesion and morphology, but not the sole factor. Additional studies are necessary to elucidate BMSC responses to each contributing factor.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the NSF BRIGE award (CBET 1125801), NIH/NIDCR SBIR award (6 R43 DE023287-02), and the University of California Regents Faculty Fellowship (H.L.) for financial support. We would also like to thank Dr. Krassimir Bozhilov at the Central Facility for Advanced Microscopy and Microanalysis (CFAMM) for the SEM training at the University of California, Riverside.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Riverside, 900 University Avenue, MSE 227, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA

    Maria Emil Iskandar, Qiaomu Tian & Huinan Liu

  2. N2 Biomedical LLC, One Patriots Park, Bedford, MA, 01730, USA

    Arash Aslani

  3. Materials Science and Engineering, University of California at Riverside, 900 University Avenue, MSE 227, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA

    Huinan Liu

  4. Stem Cell Center, University of California at Riverside, 900 University Avenue, MSE 227, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA

    Huinan Liu

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  1. Maria Emil Iskandar
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Correspondence to Huinan Liu.

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Iskandar, M.E., Aslani, A., Tian, Q. et al. Nanostructured calcium phosphate coatings on magnesium alloys: characterization and cytocompatibility with mesenchymal stem cells. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 26, 189 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-015-5512-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-015-5512-5

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