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Biomedical evaluation of a novel nitrogen oxides releasing wound dressing

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Abstract

Chronic wounds are a major cause for both suffering and economical losses. Management of chronic non-healing wounds requires multipronged approach. They are polymicrobial and agonizing for the patient due to associated pain. Moist dressing providing antimicrobial action is a highly desirable chronic wound management option. Here we report a hydrogel based dressing that possesses the antimicrobial properties of acidified sodium nitrite and the homeostatic property of a hydrogel. The dressing was developed by combining citric acid cross-linked cotton gauze and sodium nitrite loaded gelatin. The cotton gauze was cross-linked with citric acid by pad-dry-curing in presence of nano-titania catalyst. The cotton gauze-gelatin hydrogel combination was gamma-irradiated and freeze-dried. At the time of application, the freeze-dried dressing is wetted by sodium nitrite solution. The dressing has a fluid uptake ability of 90 % (w/v) and the water vapour evaporation rate was estimated to be 2,809 ± 20 g/m2/day. The dressing showed significant antimicrobial activity against both planktonic and biofilm forms and was effective during consecutive re-uses. Cytotoxicity study showed inhibition of fibroblasts, but to a lesser extent than clinically administered concentrations of antiseptic like povidone iodine. Storage at 37 °C over a 3 month period resulted in no significant loss of its antimicrobial activity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge their colleague Dr. Pushpalata Rajesh for her help in the irradiation facility. We are also thankful to Dr. Iñigo Lasa, Instituto De Agrobiotecnologia, Universidad Publica de Navarra/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Arrosadia, Spain for providing us Staphylococcus aureus strain and Prof. Stephen P. Diggle, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University Park, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK for providing us with Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain. The customer service cell, Biomedical Technology Wing at Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences & Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum for the cell-cytotoxicity analysis and Evonik Industries, Germany for the nano-titania catalyst are acknowledged.

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  1. Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, BARC Facilities, Kalpakkam, 603 102, India

    Rachna N. Dave, Hiren M. Joshi & Vayalam P. Venugopalan

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  1. Rachna N. Dave
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  2. Hiren M. Joshi
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  3. Vayalam P. Venugopalan
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Correspondence to Vayalam P. Venugopalan.

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Dave, R.N., Joshi, H.M. & Venugopalan, V.P. Biomedical evaluation of a novel nitrogen oxides releasing wound dressing. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 23, 3097–3106 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4766-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4766-4

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