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RGD peptide immobilized on TiO2 nanotubes for increased bone marrow stromal cells adhesion and osteogenic gene expression

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Abstract

Recently, TiO2 nanotube layers are widely used in orthopedics and dental applications because of their good promotion effect on bone cells. Furthermore, peptide sequences such as arginine–glycine–aspartic acid are used to modify Ti implant for binding to cell surface integrins through motif. In this study, a cellular adhesive peptide of arginine–glycine–aspartic acid–cysteine (RGDC) was immobilized onto anodized TiO2 nanotubes on Ti to examine its in vitro responses on rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. High-resolution C1s scans suggested the presence of RGDC on the surface and SEM images confirmed the nanotubes were not destroyed after modification. BMSCs adhesion and osteogenic gene expression were detected in TiO2 nanotube layers with and without RGDC modification by fluorescence microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, SEM, and realtime polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR). Results showed that the TiO2 nanotube layers immobilized with RGDC increased BMSCs adhesion compared to nonfunctionalized nanotubes after 4 h of cultivation. Furthermore, the osteogenic gene expression of BMSCs was dramatically enhanced on the TiO2 nanotube layers immobilized with RGDC (10 mM) compared to the TiO2 nanotube layers immobilized with RGDC (1 mM) and non-functionalized anodized Ti. Our results from in vitro study provided evidence that Ti anodized to possess nanotubes and then further functionalized with RGDC should be further studied for the design of better biomedical implant surfaces.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Xiu-li Zhang (Oral Bioengineering Lab, Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University) for assistance in experiments. This work was supported by Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Project Number: S30206) and Science and Technology committee of Shanghai (08DZ2271100, 1052nm04300, and 10JC1408600) and Shanghai Leadind Academic Discipline Project (T0202), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (81070866).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology and Affiliated Ninth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China

    Xin Cao, Wei-qiang Yu, Jing Qiu, Yan-fang Zhao, Yi-lin Zhang & Fu-qiang Zhang

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  1. Xin Cao
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  2. Wei-qiang Yu
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  3. Jing Qiu
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  4. Yan-fang Zhao
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  5. Yi-lin Zhang
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Correspondence to Fu-qiang Zhang.

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Xin Cao and Wei-qiang Yu have contributed equally to this work.

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Cao, X., Yu, Wq., Qiu, J. et al. RGD peptide immobilized on TiO2 nanotubes for increased bone marrow stromal cells adhesion and osteogenic gene expression. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 23, 527–536 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-011-4479-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-011-4479-0

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