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Nanomechanical characterization of tissue engineered bone grown on titanium alloy in vitro

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Abstract

Intensive work has been performed on the characterization of the mechanical properties of mineralised tissues formed in vivo. However, the mechanical properties of bone-like tissue formed in vitro have rarely been characterised. Most research has either focused on compact cortical bone or cancellous bone, whilst leaving woven bone unaddressed. In this study, bone-like mineralised matrix was produced by osteoblasts cultured in vitro on the surface of titanium alloys. The volume of this tissue-engineered bone is so small that the conventional tensile tests or bending tests are implausible. Therefore, nanoindentation techniques which allow the characterization of the test material from the nanoscale to the microscale were adopted. These reveal the apparent elastic modulus and hardness of the calcospherulite crystals (a representative element for woven bone) are 2.35 ± 0.73 and 0.41 ± 0.15 GPa, respectively. The nanoscale viscoelasticity of such woven bone was further assessed by dynamic indentation analysis.

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Acknowledgment

Wejie and T.Y. Yang are acknowledged for cell culture. Prof. S. Roy is acknowledged for the help of surface analysis of Ti alloy. Mrs. Pauline Carrick at ACMA is acknowledged for the technical assistance of ESEM and EDX.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, University of Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK

    Jinju Chen & S. J. Bull

  2. School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK

    Jinju Chen

  3. Musculoskeletal Research Group Institute for Cellular Medicine, The Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK

    M. A. Birch

Authors
  1. Jinju Chen
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  2. M. A. Birch
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  3. S. J. Bull
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Correspondence to Jinju Chen.

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Chen, J., Birch, M.A. & Bull, S.J. Nanomechanical characterization of tissue engineered bone grown on titanium alloy in vitro. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 21, 277–282 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3843-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-009-3843-9

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