Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Study of issues in the development of surface EMG controlled human hand

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the process of improvement of prosthetic devices, there have been efforts to develop satisfactorily working artificial hands but still lots of work is to be done to meet the accuracy and requirements of the human hand movement. The EMG signal has been most promising signal in development of artificial limbs. The present review paper gives the historical developments in three main sections. First part describes the EMG signal properties. Second part deals with the mathematical models developed till now for EMG signal analysis. In the third part different design approaches have been reviewed for artificial hand. First approach discussed here is on the body-powered terminal devices which are controlled by the user’s pull on the control cable to open the hand or hook and for the grip strength. Other being myoelectric controls type, an externally-powered system which uses electrical impulses, generated by contraction of the amputees own remaining muscles to operate a motor in a mechanical hand, hook or elbow. This paper presents a brief overview of above mentioned issues with regard to artificial hands.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. P. Kyberd, The intelligent hand. IEE Rev. 46(5), 31–35 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  2. S. Schulz, C. Pylatiuk, G. Bretthauer, A new ultralight anthropomorphic hand, in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, ICRA 2001, vol. 3 pp. 2437–2441

  3. T. Farnsworth, The call to arms. BSME, CP, FAAOP, Active Living Magazine, 3 Aug 2004

  4. M.B.I. Reaz, M.S. Hussain, F. Mohd-Yasin, Techniques of EMG signal analysis: detection, processing, classification and applications. Biol. Proc. Online 8(1), 11–35 (2006). doi:10.1251/bpo115

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. F. Mobasser, J.M. Eklund, K. Hashtrudi-Zaad, Estimation of elbow-induced wrist force with EMG signals using fast orthogonal search. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 54(4), 683–693 (2007)

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. S.K. Kundu, K. Kiguchi, EMG controlled robotic elbow prosthesis as an inner skeleton power assist system, in Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics, ICM2007, 8–10 May 2007, pp. 1–6

  7. A.S. Arora, Modified adaptive resonance theory based control strategy for EMG operated prosthesis for below-elbow amputee. J. Med. Eng. Technol. 31(3), 191–201 (2007)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. K. Kiguchi, T. Tanaka, T, Fukuda, Neuro-Fuzzy Control of a Robotic Exoskeleton with EMG Signals. IEEE T. Fuzzy Syst. 12(4), 481–490 (2003)

  9. H.-P. Huang, C.N. Chen, Development of a myoelectric discrimination system for a multi-degree prosthetic hand, in Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation Detroit, Michigan, May 1999, p. 2392

  10. C.J. De Luca, Physiology and mathematics of myoelectric signals. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-26(6), 313–325 (1979). doi:10.1109/TBME.1979.326534

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. D. Graupe, Functional separation of EMG signals via ARMA identification. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. SMC-5, 252–259 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  12. G.C. Agarwal, G.L. Gottlieb, An analysis of the electromyogram by fourier, simulation and experimental techniques. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-22(3), 225–229 (1975)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. E. Shwedyk, R. Balasubramanian, R.N. Scott, A nonstationary model for the electromyogram. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. BME-24(5), 417–424 (1977)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. J.N. Helal, J. Duchene, A pseudoperiodic model for myoelectric signal during dynamic exercise. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 36(11), 1092–1097 (1989)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. R.R. Knox, D.H. Brooks, E. Manolakos, S. Markogiannakis, Time-series based features for EMG pattern recognition: preliminary results, in Proceedings of the 1993 IEEE Nineteenth Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference, 18–19 March 1993, pp. 1–2

  16. Y.T. Zhang, W. Herzog, M.M. Liu, A mathematical model of myoelectric signals obtained during locomotion, in Proceedings of the IEEE 17th Annual Conference on Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, vol. 2, 20–23 Sept 1995, pp. 1403–1404

  17. B. Anctil, M.P. Slawnych, An efficient method for modeling EMG potentials as recorded using surface electrodes, in Proceedings of the 20th Annual International Conference of the IEEE on Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, vol. 5, 29 Oct–1 Nov 1998, pp. 2613–2615

  18. R. Tomovic, G. Boni, An adaptive artificial hand. IRE Trans. Automat. Contr. AC-7(3), 3–10 (1962)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. S. Wongsiri, S. Laksanacharoen, Design and construction of an artificial limb driven by artificial muscles for amputees, in Proceedings of the 2003 PSU-UNS International Conference on Energy and the Environment, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkla, Thailand, Dec 11–12, 2003

  20. Y. Kuba, M. Wada, H. Endo, An interfacing method between an artificial hand and human, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication, 1–3 Sept 1992, pp. 194–198

  21. F. Pfeiffer, Grasping with hydraulic fingers—an example of mechatronics. IEEE/ASME Trans. Mechatron. 1(2), 158–167 (1996)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. Y.K. Lee, I. Shimoyama, A skeletal framework artificial hand actuated by pneumatic artificial muscles, in Proceedings of the 1999 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation, Detroit, Michigan, May 1999, p. 926

  23. S. Beck, R. Mikut, A. Lehmann, G. Bretthauer, Model-based control and object contact detection for a fluidic actuated robotic hand, in Proceedings of the 42nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, Maui, Hawaii, USA, December 2003, p. 6369

  24. D. Graupe, J. Magnussen, A. Beex, A microprocessor system for multifunctional control of upper-limb prostheses via myoelectric signal identification. IEEE Trans. Automat. Contr. 23(4), 538–544 (1978)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. G.C. Ray, S.K. Guha, Relationship between the surface-EMG and muscular force. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. (Great Britain) 21(5), 579 (1983)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. M. Bergamasco, M.S. Scattareggia, The mechanical design of the MARCUS prosthetic hand. in Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Workshop on Robot and Human Communication, RO-MAN'95 TOKYO, 5–7 July 1995, pp. 95–100

  27. R. Okuno, M. Yoshida, K. Akazawa, Development of biomimetic prosthetic hand controlled by electromyogram, in Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Advanced Motion Control, vol. 1, 18–21 March 1996, pp. 103–108

  28. C.P. Fermo, C.V. De Vincenzo, T.F. Bastos-Filho, V.I. Dynnikov, Development of an adaptive framework for the control of upper limb myoelectric prosthesis, 2000, in Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE on Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, vol. 4, 23–28 July 2000, pp. 2402–2405. doi:10.1109/IEMBS.2000.901282

  29. S. Morita, T. Kondo, K. Ito, Estimation of forearm movement from EMG signal and application to prosthetic hand control. in Proceedings of the 2001 IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation, Seoul, Korea, 21–26 May 2001, p. 3692

  30. Y. Saito, A. Ogawa, H. Negoto, K. Ohnishi, Development of intelligent prosthetic hand adapted to age and body shape, in Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE 9th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics, Chicago, IL, USA, 28 June–1 July 2005, p. 384

  31. J. Zajdlik, The preliminary design and motion control of a five-fingered prosthetic hand. 10th international conference on intelligent engineering systems, INES 2006, p. 202

  32. J. Finat, J. Lopez-Coronado, A hybrid model for the hand preconfiguration in rehabilitation grasping tasks, 1998, in Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, vol. 4, 11–14 Oct 1998, pp. 3448–3453. doi:10.1109/ICSMC.1998.726551

  33. A.S. Arora, Development of control strategies for EMG based control of multifunction prosthetic hand. Ph.D. Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 2002

  34. http://www.ottobockus.com/PRODUCTS/UPPER_LIMB_PROSTHETICS/myoelectric_hands.asp

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. DBEC, Mandigobindgarh, India

    Hardeep S. Ryait

  2. SLIET, Longowal, India

    A. S. Arora

  3. Thapar University, Patiala, India

    Ravinder Agarwal

Authors
  1. Hardeep S. Ryait
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. S. Arora
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ravinder Agarwal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hardeep S. Ryait.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ryait, H.S., Arora, A.S. & Agarwal, R. Study of issues in the development of surface EMG controlled human hand. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 20 (Suppl 1), 107–114 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-008-3492-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-008-3492-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation