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Porous dual carbon framework coated silicon nanoparticles for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

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Abstract

Silicon-based materials are promising materials for lithium-ion battery anodes with high specific capacities. However, the volume expansion of silicon during charging and discharging leads to the destruction of the material structure, increased mechanical stress, solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film rupture, and rapid capacity decay. Here, a composite material with a porous double-layer carbon structure of coated silicon nanoparticles (Si@C@PMP) is fabricated by sequentially coating the surface of silicon nanoparticles with resorcinol-formaldehyde resin and mesophase pitch-ordered soft carbon. The porous mesophase pitch coating skeleton is formed by the action of the templating agent calcium carbonate. The cross-linked double-layer carbon structure could accommodate the volume expansion of silicon and improve the electrical conductivity and structural stability of the electrode. The microstructure and electrochemical analysis reveal that Si@C@PMP possesses excellent structural and cyclic stability. The results show that the anode material has a capacity of 774 mA h g−1 after 300 cycles at 0. 2 A g−1. Even after 500 cycles at 1 A g−1, it still has a good capacity of 646 mA h g−1 with only 13.6% electrode thickness expansion. This method may provide an idea for preparing stable silicon/carbon composites.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Youth Science Foundation Program No. 21908206), the Key Science and Technology Project of Henan Province, China (No. 202102210213) and the Grant. YLU-DNL Fund of China (No. 2021015).

Funding

Funding was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Youth Science Foundation Program No. 21908206), the Key Science and Technology Project of Henan Province, China (No. 202102210213) and the Grant. YLU-DNL Fund of China (No. 2021015).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian R&D Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China

    Wenchao Wang, Zhaopeng Xu, Zetao Liu & Kedong Song

  2. Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, 450000, China

    Wenchao Wang, Juntao Du, Zhaopeng Xu, Zetao Liu, Huina Jia, Tianjin Li, Yi Nie & Kedong Song

  3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, CAS State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Yi Nie

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  1. Wenchao Wang
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  2. Juntao Du
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Contributions

WW: Investigation, Methodology, Data compilation, Writing-original draft. JD: Methodology, Writing-Review & Editing, Funding Acquisition. ZX: Resources, ZL: Conceptualization, Methodology, Visualization. HJ: Resources, Formal analysis. TL: Resources. YN: Supervision, Funding Acquisition. KS: Supervision, Funding Acquisition.

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Correspondence to Juntao Du, Yi Nie or Kedong Song.

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Wang, W., Du, J., Xu, Z. et al. Porous dual carbon framework coated silicon nanoparticles for high-performance lithium-ion batteries. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 34, 809 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-10215-1

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