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Immobilized Mo:TiO2 nanoparticles for humic acid removal in an aqueous medium using solar spectrum

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Abstract

The presence of humic acids and their compounds react with chlorinated residues during water disinfection processes and produce toxic halogenated hydrocarbons, which are carcinogenic. The aim of this research work was to determine photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in an aqueous media using molybdenum-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Mo:TiO2 NPs) under the visible light spectrum. Mo:TiO2 nanomaterials were synthesized through mild hydrothermal techniques and characterized through powder XRD, SEM, DLS, and XPS. The effect of operational parameters including dopant percentage, the dosage of photocatalyst, contact time, and concentration of humic acid was investigated and optimized in the degradation process. Characterization results showed spherically shaped well crystalline-structured nanoparticles that enhance the photocatalytic activities. Among the nanomaterials, 1% Mo:TiO2 nanomaterials showed the highest degradation efficiencies up to 83%; however, the optimum conditions for the highest efficiency obtained for immobilized Mo:TiO2 NPs are different from slurry mode.

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Acknowledgements

This research was approved by the Ethic Committee of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (IRMUKREC. 1397/66). All the authors profusely thank the Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran to have supported the review by providing the necessary access to electronic resources.

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This research did not receive any specific grant from any funding agencies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Kamaladdin Abedi

  2. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Behzad Shahmoradi & Afshin Maleki

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand

    Kitirote Wantala & Totsaporn Suwannaruang

  4. Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran

    Nader Amini

  5. Department of Health and Environment, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangnung, 25601, Republic of Korea

    S. M. Lee

  6. Department of Environmental Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570015, India

    Harikaranahalli Puttaiah Shivaraju

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  1. Kamaladdin Abedi
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Contributions

KA executed the laboratory experiments and prepared the first draft of the manuscript. KW, TS, and NA supported laboratory experiments and interpreted the results obtained. AM and SML contributed to interpretation, proofreading, and manuscript finalizing. BS and HPS directed and conceptualized the work and finally proofread the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Behzad Shahmoradi or Harikaranahalli Puttaiah Shivaraju.

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Abedi, K., Shahmoradi, B., Wantala, K. et al. Immobilized Mo:TiO2 nanoparticles for humic acid removal in an aqueous medium using solar spectrum. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 33, 16777–16788 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-022-08542-w

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