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Investigation of nickel slag waste as a modifier on graphene-TiO2 microstructure for sensing phenolic compound

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Abstract

In the present work, the potential of nickel slag waste (NSW) was performed as a modifier of graphene-TiO2 material for sensing phenolic compound under an electrochemical system. It was provided to produce variations of mineral components to improve electrochemical sensing in its application for a sensor device. Preparation of composite material (slag-graphene-TiO2) was prepared through solid-state reaction by mixing of NSW, graphene, and TiO2 anatase crystal. Based on these results, we discover the composition of NSW with various mineral contents and produced anatase TiO2 crystal prepared via thermal method at 500 °C for 3 h. Subsequently, the slag-G-TiO2 composite has been homogeneous and characterized using SEM–EDX shows the microstructure formed with the variation of elements content. Moreover, the electrochemical test for sensing phenol compound exhibits the exceptionally sensitivity towards phenol detection in electrolyte solution by the limit of detection (LoD) is 0.0367 ppm and % RSD value of 0.016%. The electrode also produce excellent stability properties by repeatability of 1 to 21 times and the average of oxidation current at 183.57 µA. Finally, we test with a real sample to obtain the ability of phenol detection.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to financial support from the Ministry of Research and Technology/ National Agency for Research and Innovation of Indonesia under research Grant No. 171/SP2H/AMD/LT/DRPM/2020 and 4289/LL9/PG/2020. We also acknowledge to titanium research group for implementation of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Dan Kesehatan Avicenna, Kendari, 93117, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

    Dwiprayogo Wibowo & Irwan Irwan

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Universitas Halu Oleo, Kendari, 93231, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

    Yayuk Sufandy, Thamrin Azis, Maulidiyah Maulidiyah & Muhammad Nurdin

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  1. Dwiprayogo Wibowo
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Wibowo, D., Sufandy, Y., Irwan, I. et al. Investigation of nickel slag waste as a modifier on graphene-TiO2 microstructure for sensing phenolic compound. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 31, 14375–14383 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-020-03996-2

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