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Effect of different solvents on the key structural, optical and electronic properties of sol–gel dip coated AZO nanostructured thin films for optoelectronic applications

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Abstract

Transparent conducting aluminum (i.e. 2 at.%) doped zinc oxide (AZO) thin films were prepared on glass substrates by sol–gel dip coating technique using different solvents. This inexpensive dip coating method involves dipping of substrate consecutively in zinc solution and tube furnace for required cycles. Prepared films were investigated by XRD, SEM, PL, Raman spectroscopy optical and electrical studies. From the XRD studies, it confirmed the incorporation of aluminum in ZnO lattice. The prepared samples are polycrystalline nature, and these films reveal hexagonal wurtzite arrangement with (002) direction. The structural parameters such as crystallite size, dislocation density, micro strain, texture coefficient and lattice constant were investigated. SEM study showed well defined smooth and uniformed ganglia shaped grains are regularly distributed on to the entire glass substrate without any pinholes and cracks, and the average grain size is 75 nm. From the optical studies, the observed highest transmittance is 93% in the visible range and the band gap (Eg) is 3.26 eV. Room temperature PL spectra exhibited strong UV emission peak located at 386 nm for all the films. The electrical properties of the AZO thin films were studied by Hall-Effect measurements and found as n-type conductivity with high carrier concentrations (n), 2.76 × 1019 cm− 3 and low resistivity (ρ), 7.56 × 10− 3 Ω cm for the film deposed using methanol as solvent.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their gratitude to deanship of scientific research, King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia for providing the financial support under the Project Number R.G.P. 2/3/38.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PG and Research Department of Physics, Arul Anandar College, Karumathur, Madurai, India

    K. Deva Arun Kumar & S. Valanarasu

  2. Advanced Functional Materials & Optoelectronic Laboratory (AFMOL), Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia

    V. Ganesh, Mohd. Shkir & S. AlFaify

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Deva Arun Kumar, K., Ganesh, V., Shkir, M. et al. Effect of different solvents on the key structural, optical and electronic properties of sol–gel dip coated AZO nanostructured thin films for optoelectronic applications. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 29, 887–897 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-017-7985-0

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