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Photoelectrochemical determination of Pb2+ ions by using TiO2 nanorod arrays grown on FTO substrates via a facile two-stage hydrothermal route

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Abstract

Aligned TiO2 nanorod arrays (NRAs) were fabricated on TiCl4 pretreated fluorine doped tin oxide (SnO2:F, FTO) substrates by a facile hydrothermal route. The effects of TiCl4 concentration (20, 40 and 60 mM) and post-growth treatments were investigated on the PEC performance of TiO2 NRAs. The optimal PEC performance, owning a low Pb2+ detection limit of ~2 nM, was achieved in the TiO2 NRAs which was pretreated with 20 mM TiCl4 and sintered after growth. It implied that the modification of FTO substrates with a low TiCl4 concentration was critical for achieving the ideal morphology and performance of TiO2 NRAs which reached a balance of light harvesting, carrier transport and ion diffusion. Additionally, it was also worth mentioning that the TiCl4 post-treatment wasn’t beneficial to improve the PEC performance of the compact TiO2 NRAs.

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Acknowledgments

This work is financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2015XKZD01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Shengping Li, Xiuquan Gu, Yulong Zhao, Yinghuai Qiang & Shuang Zhang

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  1. Shengping Li
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  2. Xiuquan Gu
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  3. Yulong Zhao
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  4. Yinghuai Qiang
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  5. Shuang Zhang
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Correspondence to Xiuquan Gu.

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Li, S., Gu, X., Zhao, Y. et al. Photoelectrochemical determination of Pb2+ ions by using TiO2 nanorod arrays grown on FTO substrates via a facile two-stage hydrothermal route. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 27, 8455–8463 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4860-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-016-4860-3

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