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Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine

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Abstract

Rapid developments in the electric industry have promoted an increasing demand for lithium resources. Lithium in salt lake brines has emerged as the main source for industrial lithium extraction, owing to its low cost and extensive reserves. The effective separation of Mg2+ and Li+ is critical to achieving high recovery efficiency and purity of the final lithium product. This paper summarizes Mg2+/Li+ separation materials and methods in the field of lithium recovery from salt lake brines. The review begins with an introduction to the global distribution and demand for lithium resources, followed by a description of the materials used in various separation techniques, including precipitation, adsorption, solvent extraction, nanofiltration membrane, electrodialysis, and electrochemical methods. A comparison, analysis, and outlook of such methods are comprehensively discussed in terms of principles, mechanisms, synthesis/operation, development, and industrial applications. We conclude with a presentation of challenges and insights into the future directions of lithium extraction from salt lake brines. A combination of the advantages of various materials is the most logical step toward developing novel methods for extracting lithium from brines with high separation selectivity, stability, low cost, and environmentally friendly characteristics.

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Acknowledgements

The work was funded by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Kakenhi Nos. 20H00288, 26420721), the Qaidam Salt Chemical Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China—People’s Government of Qinghai Province (U1607117), the Anhui Province International Science and Technology Cooperation Program (1704e1002213), and the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (1808085ME145).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, 386-8567, Japan

    Ping Xu & Jun Hong

  2. College of Textile and Garments, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, China

    Jun Hong & Xuchen Tao

  3. State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Textiles, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China

    Xiaoming Qian & Zhiwei Xu

  4. Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Materials and Manufacturing Technology Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China

    Hong Xia & Qing-Qing Ni

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Shinshu University, Ueda, 386-8567, Japan

    Hong Xia & Qing-Qing Ni

  6. International Cooperation Research Center of Textile Structural Composites, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, China

    Zhenzhen Xu

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  1. Ping Xu
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Xu, P., Hong, J., Qian, X. et al. Materials for lithium recovery from salt lake brine. J Mater Sci 56, 16–63 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05019-1

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