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Facile synthesis of graphitic porous carbons with three-dimensional nanonetwork for high-rate supercapacitive energy storage

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Abstract

Meso-/macropore structure and graphite microcrystallite are two critical impacts on high-rate supercapacitive energy storage performance of nanoporous carbon. In the present paper, we prepared a novel graphitic carbon with three-dimensional interconnected meso-/macroporous nanonetwork by a simple one-step Friedel–Crafts crosslinking reaction. A metal-containing aromatic molecule, ferrocene, is selected as started building units. The crosslinking reaction of aromatic rings leads to the formation of meso-/macroporous nanonetworks, and the Fe element can act as a catalyst to accelerate the formation of graphite microcrystallite during carbonization. The experimental results show that the crystal sizes along the c-axis direction (L c) of the as-obtained graphitic porous carbons are 0.92–1.49 nm and the graphitization do not damage nanopore structure, so that their surface areas are higher than 500 m2 g−1. Owing to their unique structural features, i.e., meso-/macroporous network can shorten the ion transport distance and accelerate ion transport rate, and the moderate graphite microcrystalline is beneficial for electron transfer, this graphitic porous carbon shows high-rate supercapacitive energy storage. For example, the capacitance retention of the as-prepared samples can reach 88 % when the scan rate was raised from 10 to 300 mV s−1.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51502042, 51276044), Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (2015M572278), the link project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Guangdong Province (U1401246), Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province of China (2014B010106005, 2013B051000077, 2015A050502047), and by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou City of China (201508030018).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Zhenghui Li, Haiyan Zhang, Haiping Zhu, Liuqing Li & Haiyang Liao

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  1. Zhenghui Li
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  2. Haiyan Zhang
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  3. Haiping Zhu
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  4. Liuqing Li
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  5. Haiyang Liao
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Correspondence to Zhenghui Li or Haiyan Zhang.

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Li, Z., Zhang, H., Zhu, H. et al. Facile synthesis of graphitic porous carbons with three-dimensional nanonetwork for high-rate supercapacitive energy storage. J Mater Sci 51, 5676–5684 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-9870-2

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