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Allotropic phase transformation and photoluminescence of germanium nanograins processed by high-pressure torsion

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Abstract

We report on allotropic phase transformation and nanograin refinement of Ge by severe plastic deformation using high-pressure torsion (HPT) under a pressure of 24 GPa. No appreciable formation of metastable phases occurred under compression prior to torsion, while a diamond cubic Ge-I phase and a tetragonal Ge-III phase were observed in the HPT-processed samples. The formation of the Ge-III phase was enhanced by introduction of shear strain. TEM observations revealed that HPT-processed samples consisted of micro- and nanograins. It was indicated that grain refinement occurred due to the introduction of high density of lattice defects in metallic Ge-II during HPT processing, and then Ge-II transformed not only back to Ge-I but also to metastable Ge-III upon unloading. The Ge-III phase reversely transformed to Ge-I by intense Ar-ion laser irradiation or by thermal annealing. No appreciable photoluminescence (PL) was observed from the HPT-processed sample, while a broad PL peak in the range of 600–800 nm appeared after intense laser irradiation. A similar PL peak was also observed from thermally annealed samples. These results suggest that the appearance of the PL peak arises from Ge-I nanograins.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Mr. Fabi Zhang of Saga University for micro-Raman measurements. This work was partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the JSPS Japan, on Innovative Areas “Bulk Nanostructured Metals” (Nos. 22102004, 25102708), and partly supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) (No. 26220909). This study used facilities of severe plastic deformation in the International Research Center on Giant Straining for Advanced Materials (IRC-GSAM) at Kyushu University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan

    Yoshifumi Ikoma, Takamitsu Toyota, Yoshimasa Ejiri & Zenji Horita

  2. Synchrotron Light Application Center, Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Saga University, 1 Honjo, Saga, 840-8502, Japan

    Katsuhiko Saito & Qixin Guo

  3. WPI, International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan

    Zenji Horita

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  1. Yoshifumi Ikoma
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  2. Takamitsu Toyota
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  3. Yoshimasa Ejiri
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  4. Katsuhiko Saito
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Correspondence to Yoshifumi Ikoma.

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Ikoma, Y., Toyota, T., Ejiri, Y. et al. Allotropic phase transformation and photoluminescence of germanium nanograins processed by high-pressure torsion. J Mater Sci 51, 138–143 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9328-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9328-y

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