Abstract
Nanoindenation studies were carried out on single crystal calcite and on sea urchin spines from Heterocentrotus mammillatus, Phyllacanthus imperialis, and Prinocidaris baculosa. Unlike dense calcite single crystals resin embedded porous sea urchin spine segments showed a strong dependence of the indentation modulus, but not the indentation hardness, on the local porosity. This implies that the sampled volume for the indentation modulus in nanoindentation with forces down to 15 mN is not nanoscopic but extends approximately 50 μm around the indentation spot. Only for indentation depths ≪100 nm more or less mount-unaffected values of the indentation modulus could be found. The Voigt model for composite materials (calcite/resin) was found to be applicable for the dependency of the indentation modulus on the porosity. This is attributed to the network type of porosity and opens strategies for the control of stiffness in porous networks.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Vlassak JJ, Nix WD (1992) J Mater Res 7:3242
Doerner MF, Gardner DS, Nix WD (1986) J Mater Res 1:845
Chiu C-C, Liou Y, Juang Y-D (1995) Thin Solid Films 260:118
Fischer-Cripps AC (2004) Nanoindentation. Springer Verlag, Berlin
Asif SAS, Wahl KJ, Colton RJ (1999) Rev Sci Instrum 70:2408
Oliver WC, Pharr GM (1992) J Mater Res 7:1564
Sakai M (2009) J Mater Res 24
Nix WD, Gao H (1998) J Mech Phys Solids 46:411
Pharr GM, Strader JH, Oliver WC (2009) J Mater Res 24:635
Broz ME, Cook RF, Whitney DL (2006) Am Miner 91:135
Ma D, Ong CW, Wong SF (2005) J Mater Sci 40:2685. doi:10.1007/s10853-005-2106-5
Presser V, Schultheiß S, Berthold C, Nickel KG (2009) J Bionic Eng 6:203
Presser V, Kohler C, Zivcova Z, Schultheiß S, Berthold C, Nickel KG, Pabst W, Gregorova E (2009) J Bionic Eng 6:357
O’Neill PL (1981) Science 213:646
Magdans U, Gies H (2004) Eur J Miner 16:261
Sethmann I, Putnis A, Grassmann O, Löbmann P (2005) Am Miner 90:1213
Sethmann I, Hinrichs R, Wörheide G, Putnis A (2006) J Inorg Biochem 100:88
Sethmann I, Wörheide G (2008) Micron 39:209
Berman A, Addadi L, Kvick A, Leiserowitz L, Nelson M, Weiner S (1990) Science 250:664
Din E (2007) Metallische Werkstoffe. Instrumentierte Eindringprüfung zur Bestimmung der Härte und anderer Werkstoffparameter. Teil 4: Prüfverfahren für metallische und nichtmetallische Schichten. Beuth Verlag, Berlin, p 31
Perez-Huerta A, Cusack M, Zhu W, England J, Hughes J (2007) J R Soc Interface 4:33
Delesse A (1848) Ann Miner 4:379
Rosiwal AK (1898) Verhandlungen der Geologischen Reichsanstalt Wien 1898:143
Ma Y, Cohen SR, Addadi L, Weiner S (2008) Adv Mater 20:1555
Griesshaber E, Schmahl WW, Neuser R, Pettke T, Blum M, Mutterlose J, Brand U (2007) Am Miner 92:722
Zügner S, Marquardt K, Zimmermann I (2006) Eur J Pharm Biopharmaceutics 62:194
Hangen UD (2001) Zeitschrift für Metallkunde 92:1074
Merkel C, Griesshaber E, Kelm K, Neuser R, Jordan G, Logan A, Mader W, Schmahl WW (2007) J Geophys Res Biogeosciences 112:G02008/1
Thanh DV, Lacam A (1984) Phys Earth Planet Interiors 34:195
Yamamoto A, Shiro Y, Murata H (1974) Bull Chem Soc Jpn 47:265
Wang RZ, Addadi L, Weiner S (1997) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B 352:469
Tai K, Dao M, Suresh S, Palazoglu A, Ortiz C (2007) Nat Mater 6:454
Schmahl WW, Griesshaber E, Merkel CK, Deuschle J, Neuser RD, Göetz AJ, Sehrbrock A, Mader W (2008) Miner Mag 72:541
Griesshaber E, Kelm K, Sehrbrock A, Job R, Schmahl WW, Mader W (2006) Mater Res Soc Sym Proc 898E:0898
Sachs C, Fabritius H, Raabe D (2006) J Mater Res 21:1987
Grim JR, Benamara M, Skowronski M, Everson WJ, Heydemann VD (2006) Semicond Sci Technol 21:1709
West GD, Perkins JM, Lewis MH (2004) J Mater Sci 39:6687. doi:10.1023/B:JMSC.0000045600.77776.08
Presser V, Berthold C, Wirth R, Nickel KG (2008) Curr Opin Solid State Mater Sci 12:73
Ashby MF (2004) Materials selection in mechanical design. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Liu Y, Gong X-I (2006) Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China 16:s439
Pabst W, Gregorova E, Ticha G (2006) J Eur Ceram Soc 26:1085
Gregorova E, Zivcova Z, Pabst W (2006) J Mater Sci 41:6119. doi:10.1007/s10853-006-0475-z
Pabst W, Gregorová E (2003) J Mater Sci Lett 22:959
Pabst W, Gregorova E (2004) J Mater Sci 39:3501. doi:10.1023/B:JMSC.0000026961.12735.2a
Ai A, Dai LH (2007) Scripta Mater 56:761
Galanov BA, Domnich V, Gogotsi Y (2002) Exp Mech 43:303
Gao X-L (2006) J Mater Res 21:1317
Wegner LD, Gibson LJ (2000) Int J Mech Sci 42:925
Wegner LD, Gibson LJ (2000) Int J Mech Sci 42:943
Tai K, Qi HJ, Ortiz C (2005) J Mater Sci Mater Med 16:947
Kikuchi M, Takahashi Y, Suga T, Suzuki S, Bando Y (1992) J Am Ceram Soc 75:189
Owman F, Hallin C, Martensson P, Janzen E (1996) J Cryst Growth 167:391
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the funding of this study by the Landesstiftung Baden-Württemberg foundation as a part of the interdisciplinary project “New materials from bionics.”
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Presser, V., Gerlach, K., Vohrer, A. et al. Determination of the elastic modulus of highly porous samples by nanoindentation: a case study on sea urchin spines. J Mater Sci 45, 2408–2418 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-010-4208-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-010-4208-y