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On the anisotropic elastic properties of woods

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Abstract

In 2003 Nature Materials article, Keckes et al. presented deformation properties of a variety of woods in relation to deformation of their individual wood cells. Their point is “The remarkable mechanical properties of biological materials reside in their complex hierarchical structure…”. This holds for mineral-based biological materials such as bone as well as for wood. Indeed, one of us (J.L.K.) introduced the concept that to explain the material properties of cortical bone, it was necessary to treat it as a complex material/structural hierarchical composite. Calculations to determine anisotropic properties of bone measured using ultrasonic wave propagation techniques, were extended to similar measurements on both soft and hard woods. These anisotropic properties calculations have been extended to include data based on mechanical measurements of orthotropic elastic constants of both soft and hard woods for comparison with both earlier ultrasonic measurements and mechanical testing on other woods. This work illustrates the fact that understanding and modeling the properties of wood is a complex task as the symmetry changes with scale. For example, lignin is isotropic, hemicellulose and cellulose are transversely isotropic, while the cells and microstructure have orthotropic symmetry.

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Notes

  1. The transverse isotropic matrices for both cellulose (Eq. 3.1) and hemicellulose (Eq. 3.2) provided on page 39 in Fracture and Fatigue in Wood [20] are incorrect as the authors inadvertently transposed the values of C11 and C33 from Cave [43].

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Acknowledgements

This work is a contribution from the UMKC Center for Research on Interfacial Structure & Properties (UMKC-CRISP).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City-Center for Research on Interfacial Structure and Properties (UMKC-CRISP), University of Missouri-Kansas City, 650 East 25th Street, Kansas City, MO, 64108-2784, USA

    J. Lawrence Katz, Paulette Spencer & Yong Wang

  2. Division of Civil & Mechanical Engineering, School of Computing & Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA

    J. Lawrence Katz, Anil Misra & Orestes Marangos

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA

    Lisa Friis

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  1. J. Lawrence Katz
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  2. Paulette Spencer
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  6. Lisa Friis
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Correspondence to J. Lawrence Katz.

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Katz, J.L., Spencer, P., Wang, Y. et al. On the anisotropic elastic properties of woods. J Mater Sci 43, 139–145 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-2121-9

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