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Review of adsorbents incorporating calixarene derivatives used for metals recovery and hazardous ions removal: the concept of adsorbent design and classification of adsorbents

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Abstract

Macrocyclic calixarene compounds exhibit versatile properties, which have been employed for the complexation, extraction, and transport of various metal ions. However, the potential applications of calixarenes are not straightforward. This review includes the “structural effects” of calixarene derivatives and the concept of adsorbent design incorporating calixarene derivatives after a brief introduction on the molecular design of calixarene derivatives used as extraction reagents. The adsorbents incorporating calixarene moieties are classified into four types and examples of metal adsorption using a variety of adsorbents are also introduced.

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Acknowledgement

I am grateful to Professor Katsutoshi Inoue, Professor Kazuharu Yoshizuka, Professor Takashi Hayashita, Dr. Hidetaka Kawakita, Dr. Hiroki Kodama, and Dr. Bruce. A. Moyer for valuable suggestions and comments. I would like to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.

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  1. Department of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Saga University, 1-Honjo, Saga, 840-8502, Japan

    Keisuke Ohto

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Ohto, K. Review of adsorbents incorporating calixarene derivatives used for metals recovery and hazardous ions removal: the concept of adsorbent design and classification of adsorbents. J Incl Phenom Macrocycl Chem 101, 175–194 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10847-021-01053-x

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