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Selective guest inclusion by crystals of calixarenes: potential for application as separation materials

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Abstract

Recently, much attention has been devoted towards the development of methods for the capture and separation of inorganic gases and organic compounds with high selectivity and efficiency using nanoporous materials. Unlike metal–organic frameworks and covalent organic network polymer, nanoporous molecular crystals (NMCs) do not have extended network structures through coordination or covalent bonding. Instead, they are composed of discrete organic molecules with only weak noncovalent interactions between them. Calixarenes, used as artificial hosts for molecular recognition, constitute a representative class of NMCs that exhibit “porosity without pores.” Despite the absence of empty-channels, calixarene crystals can absorb various inorganic gases and organic compounds, thereby undergoing a guest-induced structural change. Thus, because of their ability to precisely discriminate between molecules of similar sizes and structures, such NMCs show great potential for application as separation materials. This review summarizes reports on the absorption and inclusion of inorganic gases and organic molecules with crystals of calixarenes and their derivatives and discusses their potential as separation materials.

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Acknowledgements

N. M. thanks the organizing committee of Association of Research for Host–Guest and Supramolecular Chemistry (Japan) for giving him ‘‘HGCS Japan Award of Excellence 2017” and the opportunity of writing this review. The authors thank Dr. Y. Kitamoto, Dr. S. Tanaka, and all of the collaborators. Our works were supported by JSPS KAKENHI.

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  1. Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-11 Aramaki-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8579, Japan

    Naoya Morohashi & Tetsutaro Hattori

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  1. Naoya Morohashi
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  2. Tetsutaro Hattori
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Correspondence to Naoya Morohashi or Tetsutaro Hattori.

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This is a paper selected for the “SHGSC Japan Award of Excellence 2017”.

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Morohashi, N., Hattori, T. Selective guest inclusion by crystals of calixarenes: potential for application as separation materials. J Incl Phenom Macrocycl Chem 90, 261–277 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10847-018-0783-3

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