Abstract
CAD/CAM systems are nowadays tightly connected to ensure that CAD data can be used for optimal tool path determination and generation of CNC programs for machine tools. The aim of our research is the design of a computer-aided, intelligent and genetic algorithm(GA) based programming system for CNC cutting tools selection, tool sequences planning and optimisation of cutting conditions. The first step is geometrical feature recognition and classification. On the basis of recognised features the module for GA-based determination of technological data determine cutting tools, cutting parameters (according to work piece material and cutting tool material) and detailed tool sequence planning. Material, which will be removed, is split into several cuts, each consisting of a number of basic tool movements. In the next step, GA operations such as reproduction, crossover and mutation are applied. The process of GA-based optimisation runs in cycles in which new generations of individuals are created with increased average fitness of a population. During the evaluation of calculated results (generated NC programmes) several rules and constraints like rapid and cutting tool movement, collision, clamping and minimum machining time, which represent the fitness function, were taken into account.
A case study was made for the turning operation of a rotational part. The results show that the GA-based programming has a higher efficiency. The total machining time was reduced by 16%. The demand for a high skilled worker on CAD/CAM systems and CNC machine tools was also reduced.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Balic, J. (2003). CNC control unit with learning ability for machining centers. Patent SI 21200 A, US Patent application 2003/0187624A1, 2 Oct 2003
J. Balic M. Korose (2002) ArticleTitleIntelligent tool path generation for milling of free surfaces using neural networks Internatinal Journal of Machine Tool and Manufacture 42 IssueID10 1171–1179
Balic, J., Valavanis, K.P., Tsourveloudis, N., & Ioannidis, S. (2003). Intelligent manufacturing systems: programming and control. Maribor: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; Chania: Technical University of Crete
M. Brezocnik I. Drstvensek (2000) ArticleTitleIntelligent CAD-CAP interface based on feature recognition and genetic algorithm = Inteligentné CAD-CAP rozhranie založené na rozpoznávaní prvkov a genetickom algoritme Komunikácie (Žilina), ročník 2 IssueID1 32–38
Brezocnik, M., & Balic, J. (1997). System for Discovering and Optimizing of Mathematical Models Using Genetic Programming and Genetic Algorithms. In B. Katalinić (Ed.), Proceedings of eighth International DAAAM Symposium: Intelligent Manufacturing & Automation, Dubrovnik: Croatia, 37–38
Brezocnik, M., & Balic, J. (1999). Genetic programming - a powerfull method for modelling of various systems. In K. Kuzman, J. Balic (Ed.), Second International Conference on Industrial Tools ICIT ′99, Rogaška Slatina & Maribor, Slovenia, April 18–22, 1999. Conference proceedings. (pp. 251–256) Celje: TECOS, Slovenian Tool and Die Development Centre
M. Brezocnik M. Kovacic (2003) ArticleTitleIntegrated genetic programming and genetic algorithm approach to predict surface roughness Materials and Manufacturing Processes 18 IssueID3 475–491 Occurrence Handle10.1081/AMP-120022023
C.J. Chiou Y.S. Lee (2002) ArticleTitleA machining potential field approach to tool path generation for multi-axis sculptured surface machining Computer-Aided Design 34 IssueID5 357–371 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0010-4485(01)00102-6
C.L.P. Chen S.R. Le-Clair (1994) ArticleTitleIntegration of design and manufacturing: solving setup generation and feature sequencing using an unsupervised-learning approach Computer-Aided Design 26 IssueID1 59–75
L. Floriani ParticleDe E. Bruzzone (1989) ArticleTitleBuilding a feature-based object description from a boundary model Computer-Aided Design 21 IssueID10 602–610
T. Martino ParticleDe B. Falcidieno F. Giannini S. Hassinger J. Ovtcharova (1994) ArticleTitleFeature-based modelling by integrating design and recognition approaches Computer-Aided Design 26 IssueID8 646–653
Drstvensek, I., Brezocnik, M., & Balic, J. (1999). GA work operation determination based on feature recognition. In V: B. Katalinić (Ed.), Annals of DAAAM for 1999 & Proceedings of the 10th International DAAAM Symposium “Intelligent Manufacturing & Automation: Past-Present-Future”: Vienna University of Technology (pp. 129–130). Vienna: DAAAM International.
Drstvensek, I., & Balic, J. (1998). Using technological database in optimization of production processes. V: Second International conference on integrated design and manufacturing in mechanical engineering IDMME 98, Compiegne (pp. 867–874). France: Proceedings. Villeneuve d’Ascq: A.G.I.R
Goldberg, D.E. (1998). Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning. Addison-Wesley: Reading, Massachusetts
P. Gray (1999) Alan turing Time 153 IssueID12 147–150
Holland J.N. (1975). Adaptation in natural and artificial systems. University of Michigan.
Kadono, M. (2001). Tool path data generation apparatus for NC machine tool and numerical controller provided with it. US Patent Nr. 2001/0,000,805 A1.
Kamioka, T., & Mochizuki, H. (2001). Learning promotion method on tool and learning promotion type machine. JP Patent 2001034155.
Kato, K., & Momochi, T. (1989). Numerical controller for machining tool with learning function – combines learning program with entered program to produce resulting processing. Patent DE4011591 (JP19890098177).
T. Koschmann (1990) The Common LISP Companion Wiley New York
M. Kovacic J. Balic (2003) ArticleTitleEvolutionary programming of a CNC cutting machine International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 22 IssueID1/2 118–124
R. Kurzweil (1992) ArticleTitleThe paradigms and paradoxes of intelligence, Pt 2: The Church-Turing thesis Library Journal, 8/1/92 117 IssueID13 73–74
Y. Liu L. Zuo T. Cheng C. Wang (2000) ArticleTitleDevelopment of an open parallel intelligent CNC milling system. Part 1, System structure International Journal for Advanced Manufacturing Technology 16 IssueID8 537–541
Y. Liu C. Wang (1999) ArticleTitleNeural network adaptive control and optimization in the milling process International Journal for Advance Manufacturing Technology 15 791–795
I. Chang J. Deng S. Chan (2000) ArticleTitleA next generation machining system based on NC feature unit and real-time tool path generation International Journal for Advance Manufacturing Technology. 16 889–901
T. Matsumura T. Obikawa T. Shirakashi (1993) ArticleTitleUsui E. autonomous turning operation planning with adaptive prediction of tool wear and surface-roughness Journal Of Manufacturing Systems 12 IssueID3 253–262
Meissner, K. (1994). Anwendung Genetischer Algorithmen zur Optimierung von Fertigungsprozessen. Proceedings of 5th International DAAAM Symposium, Maribor, Slovenia: University of Maribor
Meystel, M. (1998). Intelligent control in robotics. Journal of Robotic Systems, 5(4).
Nacsa, J. (2002). Intelligent Open CNC System Based on the Knowledge Server Concept; in Digital Enterprise Challenges, Life-Cycle Approach to Management and Production, Series: IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, (Vol. 77). Boston: Kluwer Academic Publisher
Nemoto, K., Kyoichi, M., Yamaguchi, H., Sugimoto, H., Hasegawa, H. (1999). NC data generation device and its method. JP Patent 11242510.
S.C. Park (2003) ArticleTitleTool-path generation for Z-constant contour machining Computer-Aided Design 35 IssueID1 27–36
D. Podgorelec (1993) Identification of geometrical properties on bodies, Graduate work Faculty of Technical Sciences, Maribor Slovenia
G. Renner A. Ekárt (2003) ArticleTitleGenetic algorithms in computer aided design Computer-Aided Design 35 IssueID8 709–726
Rosso, R.S.U., Allen, R.D., & Newman, S.T. (2002). Future Issues for CAD/CAM and Intelligent CNC Manufacture. Proceedings of the 19th International Manufacturing Conference—IMC-19, (pp. 115–124). Northern Ireland: Queen’s University Belfast—Belfast.
Saridis, G.N. (1983). Intelligent robotic control. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, 28(5)
Steven, J., Liang, I., Rogelio, L., Heker, L., & Landers, R. (2002). Machining process monitoring and control: the state-of-the-arte research. Proceedings of IMECE 2002, ASME International mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, New Orleans, Lousiana.
V. Tandon H. El-Mounayri H. Kishawy (2002) ArticleTitleNC end-milling optimization using evolutionary computation International journal of machine tool and manufacture 42 IssueID5 595–605
K.P. Valavani G.N. Saridi (1992) Intelligent Robotic Systems: Theory, Design and Applications Kluwer Academic Publishers Boston
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Received: September 2004 / Accepted: September 2005
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Balic, J., Kovacic, M. & Vaupotic, B. Intelligent Programming of CNC Turning Operations using Genetic Algorithm. J Intell Manuf 17, 331–340 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-005-0001-1
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-005-0001-1