Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Home Versus School Environments and their Influences on the Affective and Behavioral States of African American, Hispanic, and Caucasian Juvenile Offenders

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Child and Family Studies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We examined and compared the influence of home and school environments to the affective (anxiety and depression) and behavioral (impulsivity and compliance) states of 626 African American, Caucasian, and Hispanic adjudicated juvenile offenders. African Americans showed the strongest relationship between their home environment and compliance. Caucasian and Hispanic males exhibited increased home and school environment problems associated with affective states. Among females, African American and Caucasian females exhibited the strongest relationships between their home environment and behavioral states, whereas Caucasian and Hispanic males revealed increased school environment problems related to affective states with Hispanic males showing the strongest relationships. In addition, the school environment was more predictive of the affective and behavioral states of the adolescents, particularly females.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Acock, A. C., & Demo, D. H. (1999). Dimensions of family conflict and their influence on child and adolescent adjustment. Sociological Inquiry, 69, 641–658.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arbona, C., & Power, T. G. (2003). Parental attachment, self-esteem, and antisocial behaviors among African American, European American, and Mexican American adolescents. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50, 40–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Attaway, N. M., & Bry, B. H. (2004). Parenting style and black adolescents’ academic achievement. Journal of Black Psychology, 30, 229–247.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bird, H. R., Canino, G. J., Davies, M., Zhang, H., Ramirez, R., & Lahey, B. B. (2001). Prevalence and correlates of antisocial behaviors among three ethnic groups. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29, 465–478.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Caldwell, R. M., Silverman, J., Lefforge, N., & Silver, N. C. (2004). Adjudicated Mexican American adolescents: The effects of familial emotional support on self-esteem, emotional well-being, and delinquency. The American Journal of Family Therapy, 32, 55–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Catterall, J. S. (1998). Risk and resilience in student transitions to high school. American Journal of Education, 106, 302–333.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cooper, M., Peirce, R., & Tidwell, M. (1995). Parental drinking problems and adolescent offspring substance use: Moderating effects of demographic and familial factors. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 9, 36–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Desimone, L. (2001). Linking parent involvement with student achievement: Do race and income matter? The Journal of Educational Research, 93, 11–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dimmitt, C. (2003). Transforming school counseling practice through collaboration and the use of data: A study of academic failure in high school. Professional School Counseling, 6, 340–349.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dornbusch, S. M., Erickson, K. G., Laird, J., & Wong, C. A. (2001). The relation of family and school attachment to adolescent deviance in diverse groups and communities. Journal of Adolescent Research, 16, 396–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dubois, D. L., Felner, R. D., Brand, S., Adan, A. M., & Evans, E. G. (1992). A prospective study of life stress, social support, and adaptation in early adolescence. Child Development, 63, 542–557.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, O. J., & Clark, V. A. (1969). Correlation coefficients measured on the same individuals. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 64, 366–377.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eamon, M. K. (2005). Social-demographic, school, neighborhood, and parenting influences on the academic achievement of Latino young adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34, 163–174.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Field, T., Diego, M., & Sanders, C. (2002). Adolescents’ parent and peer relationships. Adolescence, 37, 121–130.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gauze, C., Bukowski, W., Aquan-Assee, J., & Sippola, L. (1996). Interactions between family environment and friendship and associations with self-perceived well-being during early adolescence. Child Development, 67, 2201–2216.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gnaulati, E., & Heine, B. J. (2001). Separation-individuation in late adolescence: An investigation of gender and ethnic differences. The Journal of Psychology, 135, 59–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonzales, N. A., Cauce, A. M., Friedman, R. J., & Mason, C. A. (1996). Family, peer, and neighborhood influences on academic achievement among African American adolescents: One-year prospective effects. Academic Journal of Community Psychology, 24, 365–387.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gover, A. R. (2002). The effects of child maltreatment on violent offending among institutionalized youth. Violence and Victims, 17, 655–668.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Griffin, B. W. (2002). Academic disidentification, race, and high school dropouts. The High School Journal, 85, 71–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griffin, K. W., Botvin, G. J., Scheier, L. M., Diaz, T., & Miller, N. L. (2000). Parenting practices as predictors of substance use, delinquency, and aggression among urban minority youth: Moderating effects of family structure and gender. Psychology of Addictive Behavior, 14, 174–184.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grisso, T., & Barnum, R. (2003). Massachusetts Youth Screening Instrument-2: User’s Manual and Technical Report. Worcester, MA: University of Massachusetts Medical School.

  • Haurin, R. J. (1992). Patterns of childhood residence and the relationship to young adult outcomes. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 54, 846–860.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hittner, J. B., May, K., & Silver, N. C. (2003). A Monte Carlo evaluation of tests for comparing dependent correlations. Journal of General Psychology, 130, 149–168.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holm, S. (1979). A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 6, 65–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huebner, A. J., & Betts, S. C. (2002). Exploring the utility of social control theory for youth development: Issues of attachment, involvement, and gender. Youth & Society, 34, 123–145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jang, S. J., & Smith, C. A. (1997). A test of reciprocal causal relationships among parental supervision, affective ties, and delinquency. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 34, 307–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jordan, L. C., & Lewis, M. L. (2005). Paternal relationship quality as a protective factor: Preventing alcohol use among African American adolescents. Journal of Black Psychology, 31, 152–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kenny, M. E., Gallagher, L. A., Alvarez-Salvat, R., & Silsby, J. (2002). Sources of support and psychological distress among academically successful inner-city youth. Adolescence, 37, 161–182.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kerr, M. H., Beck, K., Shattuck, T. D., Kattar, C., & Uriburu, D. (2003). Family involvement, problem and prosocial behavior outcomes of Latino youth. American Journal of Health and Behavior, 27(Supp. 1), S55–S65.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, I.J, Ge, X., Brody, G.H, Conger, R.D, Gibbons, F. X., & Simons, R. L. (2003). Parenting behaviors and the occurrence and co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and conduct problems among African American children. Journal of Family Psychology, 17, 571–583.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, R. X. (2004). Parent-youth conflict and school delinquency/cigarette use: The moderating effects of gender and associations with achievement-oriented peers. Sociological Inquiry, 74, 271–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • López, E. J., Ehly, S., & García-Vázquez, E. (2002). Acculturation, social support and academic achievement of Mexican and Mexican-American high school students: An exploratory study. Psychology in the Schools, 39, 245–257.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martinez-Pons, M. (2002). Parental influences on children’s academic self-regulatory development. Theory Into Practice, 41, 126–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mogge, N. L. (1999). Manifestation of Symptomatology Scale: Manual. Los Angeles, CA: Western Psychological Services.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pabon, E. (1998). Hispanic adolescent delinquency and the family: A discussion of sociocultural influences. Adolescence, 33, 941–955.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Petrocelli, J. V., Calhoun, G. B., & Glaser, B. A. (2003). The role of general family functioning in the quality of the mother-daughter relationship of female African American juvenile offenders. Journal of Black Psychology, 29, 378–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pittman, L. D., & Chase-Lansdale, P. L. (2001). African American adolescent girls in impoverished communities: Parenting style and adolescent outcomes. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 11, 199–224.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rao, C. R. (1970). Advanced statistical methods in biometric research. New York: Hafner.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silver, N. C., & Burkey, R. T. (1991). A FORTRAN 77 Program for testing the differences among independent correlations. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 51, 641–644.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steinberg, L., Blinde, P. L., & Chan, K. S. (1984). Dropping out among language minority youth. Review of Educational Research, 54, 113–132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, R. D., & Lopez, E. I. (2005). Family management practice, school achievement, and problem behavior in African American adolescents: Mediating processes. Applied Developmental Psychology, 26, 39–49.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Census Bureau. (2003). School Enrollment: 2000 (C2KBR-26). Washington, DC: Author.

  • Vandewater, E. A., & Lansford, J. E. (1998). Influences of family structure and parental conflict on children’s well-being. Family Relations, 47, 323–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, M. A., Salem, D. A., & Maton, K. I. (1995). Family structure and psychosocial correlates among urban African-American adolescent males. Child Development, 66, 1598–1613.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, The City University of New York, 445 W. 59th Street, New York, NY, 10019, USA

    Roslyn M. Caldwell & Susan M. Sturges

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Nevade, Las Vegas, NV, USA

    N. Clayton Silver

Authors
  1. Roslyn M. Caldwell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Susan M. Sturges
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. N. Clayton Silver
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Roslyn M. Caldwell.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Caldwell, R.M., Sturges, S.M. & Silver, N.C. Home Versus School Environments and their Influences on the Affective and Behavioral States of African American, Hispanic, and Caucasian Juvenile Offenders. J Child Fam Stud 16, 119–132 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-006-9073-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-006-9073-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation