For the determination of nitrogen oxides in the air, the structure of diazo and coupling compounds was studied and tested by experiments. The conditions and methods of diazo and coupling reactions were investigated. Furthermore, a spectrophotometric method using sulfanilamide as a diazo compound and 2-N-ethyl-5-naphthol-7-sulfonic acid (N-ethyl J acid) as a coupling compound was proposed. The maximum absorption wavelength of sulfanilamide-Nethyl J acid azo compound was at 478 nm. The molar absorptivity was 4.31 × 104 L/(mol × cm) with a recovery of 98.7–100.9% and RSD of 1.85%. For nitrogen oxides, the determinate limit of this measurement was 0.015 mg/m3 and the determinate range 0.024–2.0 mg/m3. Moreover, a high degree of correlation was observed between the results obtained by the proposed method and the standard methods. The proposed method can be easily applied to determine nitrogen oxides in the air.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
P. Kovacic and R. Somanathan, In Encyclopedia of Toxicology (3rd еd.), Ed. P. Wexler, Academic Press, Oxford, (2014), pp. 558–559.
P. Anttila, J.-P. Tuovinen, and J. V. Niemi, Atm. Environ., 45, No. 4, 986–992 (2011).
J. Sun, J. A. Caton, and T. J. Jacobs, Prog. Energ. Combust., 36, No. 6, 677–695 (2010).
S. Henschel, A. Le Tertre, R. W. Atkinson, X. Querol, M. Pandolfi , A. Zeka, D. Haluza, A. Analitis, K. Katsouyanni, C. Bouland, M. Pascal, S. Medina, and P. G. Goodman, Atm. Environ., 117, 234–241 (2015).
Y. Xiangdong, Z. Zongxiao, Q. Lili, Z. Jimu, J. Univ. Shanghai Sci. Technol., 26, No. 1, 62–70 (2004).
M. Hashimoto, E. Watanabe, C. Amano, T. Haraki, Y. Nishi, and H. H. Uchida, Appl. Surf. Sci., 255, No. 4, 1544–1546 (2008).
L. Jones, A. Provins, M. Holland, G. Mills, F. Hayes, B. Emmett, J. Hall, L. Sheppard, R. Smith, M. Sutton, K. Hicks, M. Ashmore, R. Haines-Young, and L. Harper-Simmonds, Ecosyst. Serv., 7, 76–88 (2014).
J. Meulenbelt. Medicine, 40, No. 3, 139 (2012).
M. Kraft, T. Eikmann, A. Kappos, N. Kunzli, R. Rapp, K. Schneider, H. Seitz, J. U. Voss, and H. E. Wichmann, Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Heal, 208, No. 4, 305–318 (2005).
K. T. Paul, T. R. Hull, K. Lebek, and A. A. Stec, Fire Safety J., 43, Nos. 4, 243–251 (2008).
E. D. Amster, M. Haim, J. Dubnov, and D. M. Broday, Environ. Pollut., 186, 20–28 (2014).
N. Zhu, H. Li, M. Han, L. Guo, L. Chen, Y. Yun, Z. Guo, G. Li, and N. Sang, Toxicol. Lett., 214, No. 2, 120–130 (2012).
Y. Wang, S. H. Fan, and S. L. Wang, Anal. Chim. Acta, 541, Nos. 1–2, 129–134 (2005).
M. J. Navas, A. M. Jiménez, and G. Galán, Atm. Environ., 31, No. 21, 3603–3608 (1997).
H. Suzuki, Y. Miyao, T. Nakayama, J. K. Pearce, Y. Matsumi, K. Takahashi, K. Kita, and K. Tonokura, Atm. Environ., 45, No. 34, 6233–6240 (2011).
C. Dari-Salisburgo, P. Di Carlo, F. Giammaria, Y. Kajii, and A. D’Altorio, Atm. Environ., 43, No. 4, 970–977 (2009).
X. Q. Zhan, D. H. Li, H. Zheng, J. G. Xu, and Y. Q. Zhou, Talanta, 58, No. 5, 855–860 (2002).
C. Reidl-Leuthner, J. Ofner, W. Tomischko, H. Lohninger, and B. Lendl, Atm. Environ., 112, 189–195 (2015).
O. V. Yagodina, E. B. Nikolskaya, and N. B. Shor, Anal. Chim. Acta, 409, Nos. 1–2, 143–147 (2000).
C. Meyer, R. Baumann, A. Günther, V. Vashook, T. Schmiel, U. Guth, and S. Fasoulas, Sensor. Actuat. B Chem., 181, 77–84 (2013).
K. Horita, G. Wang, and M. Satake, Anal. Chim. Acta, 350, No. 3, 295–303 (1997).
I. T. 146. ISO 6768-1998 (1998).
M. Barzegar, M. F. Mousavi, and A. Nemati, Microchem. J., 65, No. 2, 159–163 (2000).
U S-ASTM. ASTM D 3608-95 (2011).
Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China. HJ 479-2009 (2009).
Y. Huang, W. Shi, C. Zhang, L. Li, and H. Wen, Atm. Pollut. Res., 7, No. 2, 333–338 (2016).
I. T. 146. ISO 7996-1985 (1985).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 84, No. 4, pp. 616–622, July–August, 2017.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Huang, Y., Shi, W., Zhang, C. et al. Spectrophotometric Determination of Nitrogen Oxides in the Air with 2-N-Ethyl-5-Naphthol-7-Sulfonic Acid. J Appl Spectrosc 84, 639–645 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10812-017-0522-3
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10812-017-0522-3