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Application of live Chlorococcum aquaticum biomass for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions

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Abstract

Microalgae readily develop tolerance against environmental pollutants and are also capable of utilizing heavy metals in their metabolic activities. Microalgae-based heavy metal removal provides an eco-friendly, cost-effective technology to treat wastewater. In this study, a strain of the green alga Chlorococcum aquaticum, isolated from water polluted with Pb2+, was selected for bioremediation of Pb2+ in aqueous solutions. Chlorococcus aquaticum showed a high level of tolerance toward Pb2+ with an LC50 of 100 mg L−1. To assess the efficacy and practicality of the bioremediation process, adsorption isotherms and kinetic models were developed. The best-fitted adsorption model was Freundlich isotherm with the adsorption constant (KF) = 2.18 mg g−1 and n = 1.01, suggesting a multilayer adsorption to heterogeneous surfaces. The kinetic studies revealed that the interaction of Pb2+ with C. aquaticum obeys pseudo second-order kinetics with the rate constant (k′) = 1.21 × 10−5 g mg−1 min−1 and the amounts of Pb2+ adsorbed per gram of adsorbent at equilibrium (qe) = 500 mg g−1, indicating that the rate determining step involves a chemical reaction mechanism. Chlorococcum aquaticum showed a high tolerance toward Pb2+, high adsorption capacity and a moderate adsorption rate. Thus, growing C. aquaticum can be identified as a potential environmentally friendly and low-cost sorbent to remove a wide range of Pb2+concentrations from wastewater.

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This work was supported by the University Research Grant (Grant No. URG/2016/50/S), University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

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  1. Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

    L. M. M. Liyanage

  2. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

    W. G. M. Lakmali & S. N. P. Athukorala

  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka

    K. B. Jayasundera

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Liyanage, L.M.M., Lakmali, W.G.M., Athukorala, S.N.P. et al. Application of live Chlorococcum aquaticum biomass for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. J Appl Phycol 32, 4069–4080 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-020-02242-w

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