Skip to main content
Log in

Enhancing the Culture of Research Ethics on University Campuses

  • Published:
Journal of Academic Ethics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Institutions create their own internal cultures, including the culture of ethics that pervades scientific research, academic policy, and administrative philosophy. This paper addresses some of the issues involved in institutional enhancement of its culture of research ethics, focused on individual empowerment and strategies that individuals can use to initiate institutional change.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. Retrieved January 15 and August 22, 2006 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi.

  2. Although the phrase “other practices that seriously deviate from those that are commonly accepted within the scientific community for proposing, conducting, or reporting research” was subsequently dropped, survey evidence indicates that undesirable behaviors associated with “other practices” are more common than the most serious and publicized infractions in research involve falsification, fabrication, or plagiarism (FFP; Martinson et al. 2005).

References

  • Anderson, M. S., Louis, K. S., & Earle, J. (1994). Disciplinary and departmental effects on observations of faculty and graduate student misconduct. Journal of Higher Education, 65, 331–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ashforth, B. E. (1985). Climate formation: Issues and extensions. Academic Management Review, 10, 837–847.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bolman, L. G., & Deal, T. E. (2003). Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, P. W. (1999a). U.S. officials order Duke Medical Center to suspend research involving humans. Chronicle of Higher Education, A35 (May 21).

  • Campbell, P. W. (1999b). Government restores Duke U.’s right to conduct research on humans. Chronicle of Higher Education, A30 (May 28).

  • Cullen, J. B., Victor, B., & Bronson, J. W. (1993). The ethical climate questionnaire: An assessment of its development and validity. Psychological Reports, 73, 667–674.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herkert, J. R. (2005). Ways of thinking about and teaching ethical problem solving: Microethics and macroethics in engineering. Science and Engineering Ethics, 11(3), 373–385.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Institute of Medicine (2002). Integrity in scientific research: Creating an environment that promotes responsible conduct. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalichman, M. W., & Friedman, P. J. (1992). A pilot study of biomedical trainees’ perceptions concerning research ethics. Academic Medicine, 67, 769–775.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kegan, R., & Laskow Lahey, L. (2001). How the way we talk can change the way we work: Seven languages for transformation. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Martinson, B. C., Anderson, M. S., & de Vries, R. (2005). Scientists behaving badly. Science, 435, 737–738.

    Google Scholar 

  • Napolitano, C., & Henderson, L. (1998). The leadership odyssey. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Office of Research Integrity (2006) Annual report 2005, DHHS. Retrieved http://ori.dhhs.gov/documents/annual_reports/ori_annual_report_2005.pdf.

  • Panel of Scientific Responsibility and the Conduct of Research, Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (1992). Responsible science: Ensuring the integrity of the research process, vol. I. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prochaska, J. M., Prochaska, J. O., & Levesque, D. A. (2001). A transtheoretical approach to changing organizations. Administration and Policy in Mental Health, 28(4), 247–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Proenca, E. J. (2004). Ethics orientation as a mediator of organizational integrity in health services organizations. Health Care Management Review, 29(1), 40–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, G. C., Kavussanu, M., & Sprague, R. L. (2001). Mentoring and the impact of the research climate. Science and Engineering Ethics, 7, 525–537.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spencer, E. M., Mills, A. E., Rorty, M. V., & Werhane, P. H. (2000). Organization ethics in health care. NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Victor, B., & Cullen, J. B. (1987). A theory and measure of ethical climate in organizations. Research in Corporate Social Performance and Policy, 9, 51–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Victor, B., & Cullen, J. B. (1988). The organizational bases of ethical work climates. Administration Science Quarterly, 33, 101–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vidaver-Cohen, D. (1998). Moral climate in business firms: A conceptual framework for analysis and change. Journal of Business Ethics, 17, 1211–1226.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zuckerman, H. (1977). Deviant behavior and social control in science. In E. Sagarin (Ed.), Deviance and social change (pp. 87–138). Beverly Hills: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

All authors contributed equally to the development of this article and are listed alphabetically. Thanks to the Survival Skills and Ethics Workshop organized by Michael Zigmond and Beth Fischer of the University of Pittsburgh held in Snowmass, CO, June 7–12, 2004 was supported by NIH grants MH56194 (Zigmond) and NS39805 (Fischer).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karen Schmaling.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ferguson, K., Masur, S., Olson, L. et al. Enhancing the Culture of Research Ethics on University Campuses. J Acad Ethics 5, 189–198 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-007-9033-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10805-007-9033-9

Keywords

Navigation