Skip to main content
Log in

Punishment and Sympathy Judgments: Is the Quality of Mercy Strained in Asperger’s Syndrome?

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This study examined reasoning about wrongdoing in people with Asperger’s syndrome (AS) and matched healthy controls in relation to car accident scenarios. The two groups made similar judgments with respect to degree of driver negligence for both fines imposed and sympathy ratings. They also made similar judgments of fines in relation to the type of justification given for the drivers’ actions. However, the AS group differentiated more in sympathy judgments relating to good and poor justifications. The AS group thus appeared to show preserved judgment with respect to compensation and sympathy for the victim and fines for the driver, but expressed less sympathy towards drivers with poor justifications for their actions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alicke, M. D. (2000). Culpable control and the psychology of blame. Psychological Bulletin, 126, 556–574.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Alter, A. L., Kernochan, J., & Darley, J. (2007). Transgression wrongfulness outweighs its harmfulness as a determinant of sentence severity. Law and Human Behavior, 31, 319–335.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th Ed., text revision). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.

  • Blair, R. J. R. (1996). Morality in the autistic child. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 26, 571–579.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blair, R. J. R. (2008). Fine cuts of empathy and the amygdale: Dissociable deficits in psychopathy and autism. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 157–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boraston, Z., Blakemore, S. J., Chilvers, R., & Skuse, D. (2007). Impaired sadness recognition is linked to social interaction deficit in autism. Neuropsychologia, 45, 1501–1510.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bornstein, B. H. (1998). From compassion to compensation: The effect of injury severity on mock jurors’ liability judgments. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 1477–1502.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buckholtz, J. W., Asplund, C. L., Dux, P. E., Zald, D. H., Gore, J. C., Jones, O. D., et al. (2008). The neural correlates of third-party punishment. Neuron, 60, 930–940.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carlsmith, K. M., Darley, J. M., & Robinson, P. H. (2002). Why do we punish? Deterrence and just deserts as motives for punishment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 284–299.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Castelli, F., Frith, C. D., Happé, F., & Frith, U. (2002). Autism, Asperger syndrome and brain mechanisms for the attribution of mental states to animated shapes. Brain, 125, 1839–1849.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cushman, F. (2008). Crime and punishment. Cognition, 108, 353–380.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Darley, J. M., Carlsmith, K. M., & Robinson, P. H. (2000). Incapacitation and just deserts as motives for punishment. Law and Human Behavior, 24, 659–683.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dziobek, I., Rogers, K., Fleck, S., Bahnemann, M., Heereken, H. R., Wolf, O. T., et al. (2008). Dissociation of cognitive and emotional empathy in adults with Asperger syndrome using the Multifaceted Empathy Test (MET). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 464–473.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eisenberg, N. (2000). Emotion, regulation, and moral development. Annual Review Psychology, 51, 665–697.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fiske, A. P., & Tetlock, P. E. (1997). Taboo trade-offs. Reactions to transactions that transgress the spheres of justice. Political Psychology, 18, 255–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frith, U. (2003). Autism: Explaining the enigma. Oxford, UK: Blackwell.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frith, U., & Happé, F. (2005). Autism spectrum disorder. Current Biology, 15, R786–R790.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garvey, S. P. (1998). Aggravation and mitigation in capital cases: What do jurors think? Columbia Law Review, 1538, 1575–1576.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grant, C. G., Boucher, J., Riggs, K. J., & Grayson, A. (2005). Moral understanding in children with autism. Autism, 9, 317–331.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greene, E., Johns, M., & Bowman, J. (1999). The effect of injury severity on jury negligence decisions. Law and Human Behavior, 23, 675–693.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Greene, J. D., Morelli, S. A., Lowenberg, K., Nystrom, L. E., & Cohen, J. D. (2008). Cognitive load selectively interferes with utilitarian moral judgment. Cognition, 107, 1144–1154.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greene, J. D., Nystrom, L. E., Engell, A. D., Darley, J. M., & Cohen, J. D. (2004). The neural bases of cognitive conflict and control in moral judgment. Neuron, 44, 389–400.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment. Psychological Review, 108, 814–834.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Happé, F. (1994). An advanced test of theory of mind: Understanding of story characters’ thoughts and feelings by able autistic, mentally handicapped and normal children and adults. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24, 129–154.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Howlin, P. (1997). Autism and Asperger syndrome: Preparing for adulthood. London, UK: Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Huebner, B., Dwyer, S., & Hauser, M. (2008). The role of emotion in moral psychology. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 13, 1–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Joliffe, T., & Baron-Cohen, S. (1999). The strange stories test: A replication with high-functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 29, 395–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaland, N., Meller-Nielsen, A., Callesen, K., Mortensen, E. L., Gottlieb, D., & Smith, L. (2002). A new advanced test of theory of mind: Evidence from children and adolescents with Asperger’s syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 43, 517–538.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kelley, H. H. (1967). Attribution theory in social psychology. In D. Levine (Ed.), Nebraska symposium on motivation. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kohlberg, L., & Kramer, R. (1969). Continuities and discontinuities in childhood and adult moral development. Human Development, 12, 93–120.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lagnado, D. A., & Channon, S. (2008). Judgments of cause and blame: The effects of intentionality and foreseeability. Cognition, 108, 754–770.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lerner, J. S., Goldberg, J. H., & Tetlock, P. E. (1998). Sober second thought: The effects of accountability, anger, and authoritarianism on attributions of responsibility. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 563–574.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Leslie, A. M., Mallon, R., & DiCorcia, J. A. (2006). Transgressors, victims, and cry babies: Is basic moral judgment spared in autism? Social Neuroscience, 1, 270–283.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lieberman, M. D. (2007). Social cognitive neuroscience: A review of core processes. Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 201–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lombardo, M. V., Barnes, J. L., Wheelwright, S. J., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2007). Self-referential cognition and empathy in autism. PLoS ONE, 9, 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendez, M. F., Anderson, E., & Shapira, J. S. (2005). An investigation of moral judgement in frontotemporal dementia. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 18, 193–197.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Minio-Paluello, I., Baron-Cohen, S., Avenanti, A., Walsh, V., & Aglioti, S. M. (2009). Absence of embodied empathy during pain observation in Asperger syndrome. Biological Psychiatry, 65, 55–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Moll, J., Eslinger, P. J., & de Oliveira-Souza, R. (2001). Frontopolar and anterior temporal cortex activation in a moral judgment task: Preliminary functional MRI results in normal subjects. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria, 59, 657–664.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ponnet, K. S., Roeyers, H., Buysse, A., De Clercq, A., & Van der Heyden, E. (2004). Advanced mind-reading in adults with Asperger syndrome. Autism, 8, 249–266.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rozin, P., Lowery, L., Imada, S., & Haidt, J. (1999). The CAD triad hypothesis: A mapping between three moral emotions (contempt, anger and disgust) and three moral codes (community, autonomy, divinity). Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 574–586.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaver, K. (1985). The attribution of blame: Causality, responsibility & blameworthiness. New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wechsler, D. (1997). Wechsler memory scale. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wechsler, D. (2001). Wechsler test of adult reading. San Antonio, TX: Harcourt Assessment.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the ESRC for supporting this research (grant reference RES-000-23-0959).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shelley Channon.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Channon, S., Fitzpatrick, S., Drury, H. et al. Punishment and Sympathy Judgments: Is the Quality of Mercy Strained in Asperger’s Syndrome?. J Autism Dev Disord 40, 1219–1226 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-0980-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-0980-4

Keywords

Navigation