Abstract
This paper presents findings from the final two years of a four-year study investigating a manualized social treatment program for high-functioning children with autism spectrum disorders. The study sought to (1) replicate and expand findings from years one and two; (2) compare outcomes of participants who received response-cost feedback versus non-categorical feedback; and (3) provide further evidence of program feasibility. Results indicated significant improvements in social skills and problem behaviors, however no significant differences for face emotion recognition. Measures of several socially-related behaviors yielded mixed results based on rater. While parent ratings did not appear to favor one feedback format, staff ratings appeared to favor the response-cost format on some measures. Results also provided support for program feasibility.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abell, F., & Hare, D. J. (2005). An experimental investigation of the phenomenology of delusional beliefs in people with Asperger syndrome. Autism, 9(5), 515–531.
American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.), text revision. Washington, DC: Author.
Attwood, T. (2000). Strategies for improving the social integration of children with Asperger’s syndrome. The National Autistic Society, 4(1), 85–100.
Barnhill, G. P., Cook, K. T., Tebbenkamp, K., & Myles, B. S. (2002). The effectiveness of social skills intervention targeting nonverbal communication for adolescents with Asperger syndrome and related pervasive developmental disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 17(2), 112–118.
Bregman, J. D., Zager, D., & Gerdtz, J. (2005). Behavioral interventions. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders: Vol 2. Assessment, interventions, and policy (3rd ed., pp. 897–924). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Carrington, S., Templeton, E., & Papinczak, T. (2003). Adolescents with Asperger syndrome and perceptions of friends. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 18(4), 211–218.
Carter, C., Meckes, L., Pritchard, L., Swensen, S., Wittman, P. P., & Velde, B. (2004). The friendship club: An after-school program for children with Asperger syndrome. Family Community Health, 27(2), 143–150.
Church, C., Alisanski, S., & Amanullah, S. (2000). The social, behavioral, and academic experiences of children with Asperger syndrome. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 15(1), 12–20.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Cragar, D. E., & Horvath, L. S. (2003). The application of social skills training in the treatment of a child with Asperger’s disorder. Clinical Case Studies, 2(1), 34–49.
Golan, O., & Baron-Cohen, S. (2006). Systemizing empathy: Teaching adults with Asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism to recognize complex emotions using interactive multimedia. Development and Psychopathology, 18, 591–617.
Goldstein, A. P., McGinnis, E., Sprafkin, R. P., Gershaw, N. J., & Klein, P. (1997). Skillstreaming the adolescent: New strategies and perspectives for teaching prosocial skills (Rev. ed.). Champaign, Il: Research Press.
Hays, W. L. (1994). Statistics for psychologists (5th ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Hartcourt Brace.
Howlin, P., Baron-Cohen, S., & Hadwin, J. (1999). Teaching children with autism to mind-read: A practical guide for teachers and parents. West Sussex, England: Wiley & Sons.
Kasari, C., & Rotheram-Fuller, E. (2005). Current trends in psychological research on children with high-functioning autism and Asperger disorder. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 18, 497–501.
Kim, J. A., Szatmari, P., Bryson, S. E., Streiner, D. L., & Wilson, F. J. (2000). The prevalence of anxiety and mood problems among children with autism and Asperger syndrome. Autism, 4(2), 117–132.
Klin, A., McPartland, J., & Volkmar, F. R. (2005). Asperger syndrome. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders: Vol 1. Diagnosis, development, neurobiology, and behavior (3rd ed., pp. 88–125). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Klin, A., Sparrow, S. S., Marans, W. D., Carter, A., & Volkmar, F. R. (2000). Assessment issues in children, adolescents with Asperger syndrome. In A. Klin, F. R. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger syndrome (pp. 309–339). New York: Guilford.
Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. R. (2000). Treatment and intervention guidelines for individuals with Aspergers syndrome. In A. Klin, F. R. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger syndrome (pp. 340–366). New York: Guilford.
LeGoff, D. B. (2004). Use of Lego as a therapeutic medium for improving social competence. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34, 557–571.
Little, C. (2002). Which is it? Asperger’s syndrome or Giftedness? Defining the differences. Gifted Child Today Magazine, 25(1), 58–63.
Lopata, C., Thomeer, M. L., Volker, M. A., & Nida, R. E. (2006). Effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioral treatment on the social behaviors of children with Asperger’s disorder. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 21, 237–244.
Marans, W. D., Rubin, E., & Laurent, A. (2005). Addressing social communication skills in individuals with high-functioning Autism, Asperger syndrome: Critical priorities in educational programming. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders: Vol. 2. Assessment, interventions, and policy (3rd ed., pp. 977–1002). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Marks, S. U., Schrader, C., Levine, M., Hagie, C., Longaker, T., Morales, M., & Peters, I. (1999). Social skills for social ills: Supporting the social skills development of adolescents with Asperger’s syndrome. Teaching Exceptional Children, 32, 56–61.
Marriage, K. J., Gordon, V., & Brand, L. (1995). A social skills group for boys with Asperger’s syndrome. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 29, 58–62.
Martin, A., Scahill, L., Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. R. (1999). Higher-functioning pervasive developmental disorders: Rates and patterns of psychotropic drug use. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38(7), 923–931.
McGinnis, E., & Goldstein, A. P. (1997). Skillstreaming the elementary school child: New strategies and perspectives for teaching prosocial skills (Rev. ed.). Champaign, Il: Research Press.
Mesibov, G. B. (1984). Social skills training with verbal Autistic adolescents and adults: A program model. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 14(4), 395–404.
Miller, J. N., & Ozonoff, S. (2000). The external validity of Asperger disorder: Lack of evidence from the domain of neuropsychology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109(2), 227–238.
Mishna, F., & Muskat, B. (1998). Group therapy for boys with features of Asperger syndrome and concurrent learning disabilities: Finding a peer group. Journal of Child and Adolescent Group Therapy, 8, 97–114.
Myles, B. S., & Simpson, R. L. (2001). Understanding the hidden curriculum: An essential social skill for children with and youth with Asperger syndrome. Intervention in School and Clinic, 36(5), 279–286.
Nowicki, S. (1997). Instructional manual for the receptive tests of the diagnostic analysis of nonverbal accuracy 2. Atlanta, GA: Peachtree.
Ozonoff, S., & Griffith, E. M. (2000). Neuropsychological function and the external validity of Asperger syndrome. In A. Klin, F. R. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger syndrome (pp. 72–96). New York: Guilford.
Ozonoff, S., & Miller, J. N. (1995). Teaching theory of mind: A new approach to social skills training for individuals with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 25(4), 415–433.
Parsons, S., Mitchell, P., & Leonard, A. (2004). The use and understanding of virtual environments by adolescents with Autistic spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(4), 449–466.
Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. W. (1992, 1998). Behavior Assessment System for Children, Manual. Circle Pines, MN: American Guidance Service, Inc.
Safran, S. P., Safran, J. S., & Ellis, K. (2003). Intervention ABCs for children with Asperger syndrome. Topics in Language Disorders, 23, 154–165.
Simpson, R. L., & Myles, B. S. (1998). Aggression among children and youth who have Asperger’s syndrome: A different population requiring different strategies. Preventing School Failure, 42(4), 149–153.
Smith, T., Scahill, L., Dawson, G., Guthrie, D., Lord, C., Odom, S., Rogers, S., & Wagner, A. (2007). Designing research studies on psychosocial interventions in autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(2), 354–366.
Solomon, M., Goodlin-Jones, B. L., & Anders, T. F. (2004). A social adjustment enhancement intervention for high functioning Autism, Asperger’s syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder NOS. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 34(6), 649–668.
Tellegen, A., & Briggs, P. F. (1967). Old wine in new skins: Grouping Wechsler subtests into new scales. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 31, 499–506.
Thiemann, K. S., & Goldstein, H. (2004). Effects of peer tutoring and written text cueing on social communication of school-age children with pervasive developmental disorder. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 47(1), 126–144.
Tsatsanis, K. D., Foley, C., & Donehower, C. (2004). Contemporary outcome research and programming guidelines for Asperger syndrome and high-functioning Autism. Topics in Language Disorders, 24(4), 249–259.
Volkmar, F. R., & Klin, A. (2000). Diagnostic issues in Asperger syndrome. In A. Klin, F. R. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger syndrome (pp. 25–71). New York: Guilford.
Wechsler, D. (2003). Wechsler intelligence scale for children (4th ed.) (WISC-IV). San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
White, S. W., Keonig, K., & Scahill, L. (2007). Social skills development in children with autism spectrum disorders: A review of the intervention research. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37(10), 1858–1868.
Wymbs, B. T., Robb, J. A., Chronis, A. M., Massetti, G. M., Fabiano, G. A., Arnold, F. W., Brice, A. C., Gnagy, E. M., Pelham, W. E. Jr., Burrows-MacLean, L., & Hoffman, M. T. (2005). Long-term, multimodal treatment of a child with Asperger’s syndrome and comorbid disruptive behavior problems: A case illustration. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 12, 338–350.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Appendix
Appendix
Skillstreaming skills | Ages 6–10 years | Ages 11–13 years |
---|---|---|
Listening | x | x |
Asking for help | x | x |
Contributing to discussions | x | x |
Having a conversation | x | x |
Introducing yourself | x | x |
Joining in | x | x |
Accepting a compliment | x | x |
Apologizing | x | x |
Giving instructions | x | x |
Knowing your feelings | x | x |
Expressing your feelings | x | x |
Recognizing another’s feelings | x | x |
Expressing concern for another | x | x |
Dealing with another’s anger | x | x |
Using self-control | x | x |
Responding to teasing | x | x |
Avoiding trouble | x | x |
Negotiating | x | x |
Being a good sport | x | x |
Dealing with being left out | x | x |
Saying thank you | x | |
Following instructions | x | |
Offering to help an adult | x | |
Asking a question | x | |
Ignoring distractions | x | |
Ending a conversation | x | |
Offering help to a classmate | x | |
Giving a complement | x | |
Sharing | x | |
Showing understanding of another’s feelings | x | |
Dealing with your anger | x | |
Asking permission | x | |
Accepting consequences | x | |
Responding to failure | x | |
Setting a goal | x | |
Deciding what caused a problem | x | |
Standing up for your rights | x | |
Making a complaint | x | |
Answering a complaint | x | |
Helping others | x | |
Arranging problems by importance | x | |
Dealing with fear | x | |
Responding to failure | x | |
Dealing with contradictory messages | x | |
Dealing with group pressure | x | |
Understanding the feelings of others | x |
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lopata, C., Thomeer, M.L., Volker, M.A. et al. Effectiveness of a Manualized Summer Social Treatment Program for High-Functioning Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders . J Autism Dev Disord 38, 890–904 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0460-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0460-7