Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Analysis of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in retinal vein occlusion with resolved macular edema

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
International Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To analyze the retinal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) changes in retinal vein occlusion (RVO) eyes with resolved macular edema using optical coherence tomography.

Methods

We compared the average and minimum GCIPL thickness in RVO eyes with fellow eyes and healthy controls including 40 unilateral RVO patients and 48 healthy subjects. The average GCIPL thickness in BRVO eyes was segmented into the affected and opposite area according to the site of lesion, comparing them with corresponding areas in fellow eyes. Furthermore, maximum central macular thickness (CMT), visual acuity (VA), and intravitreal injection times were recorded to investigate their relationship with the GCIPL thickness.

Results

Despite no significant difference in CMT (P = 0.96), the average (P = 0.02 and P < 0.001, respectively) and minimum (both P < 0.001) GCIPL thicknesses were decreased in RVO eyes with resolved macular edema after treatment in comparison to fellow eyes and healthy eyes. Maximum CMT thickness was negatively correlated with the minimum GCIPL thickness (r = − 0.47, P = 0.003). VA and average GCIPL thickness were associated (rs = − 0.49, P = 0.002). In a subgroup analysis that only included BRVO patients, the opposite area revealed no significant difference between two eyes (P = 0.91) although the affected area in BRVO eyes was decreased (P < 0.001).

Conclusions

A decrease of GCIPL thickness in RVO was observed even after anatomic restoration and associated with VA prognosis. These GCIPL defects could be attributable to systemic risks and RVO itself, not anti-VEGF effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Campa C, Alivernini G, Bolletta E, Parodi MB, Perri P (2016) Anti-VEGF therapy for retinal vein occlusions. Curr Drug Targets 17(3):328–336. https://doi.org/10.2174/1573399811666150615151324

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Rogers S, McIntosh RL, Cheung N et al (2010) The prevalence of retinal vein occlusion: pooled data from population studies from the United States, Europe, Asia, and Australia. Ophthalmology 117(2):313–9.e1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.07.017

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Cetin EN, Bozkurt K, Parca O, Pekel G (2019) Automated macular segmentation with spectral domain optical coherence tomography in the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral retinal vein occlusion. Int Ophthalmol 39(9):2049–2056. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-018-1039-3

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Vilela MA (2020) Use of anti-VEGF drugs in retinal vein occlusions. Curr Drug Targets 21(12):1181–1193. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389450121666200428101343

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Rogers SL, McIntosh RL, Lim L et al (2010) Natural history of branch retinal vein occlusion: an evidence-based systematic review. Ophthalmology 117(6):1094-1101.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.01.058

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Yiu G, Welch RJ, Wang Y, Wang Z, Wang PW, Haskova Z (2020) Spectral-domain OCT predictors of visual outcomes after ranibizumab treatment for macular edema resulting from retinal vein occlusion. Ophthalmol Retina 4(1):67–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2019.08.009

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Tang F, Qin X, Lu J, Song P, Li M, Ma X (2020) Optical coherence tomography predictors of short-term visual acuity in eyes with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion treated with intravitreal conbercept. Retina 40(4):773–785. https://doi.org/10.1097/iae.0000000000002444

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Alshareef RA, Barteselli G, You Q et al (2016) In vivo evaluation of retinal ganglion cells degeneration in eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion. Br J Ophthalmol 100(11):1506–1510. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-308106

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Lee YH, Kim MS, Ahn SI, Park HJ, Shin KS, Kim JY (2017) Repeatability of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness measurements using spectral-domain OCT in branch retinal vein occlusion. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 255(9):1727–1735. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-017-3710-1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Bonnin S, Tadayoni R, Erginay A, Massin P, Dupas B (2015) Correlation between ganglion cell layer thinning and poor visual function after resolution of diabetic macular edema. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 56(2):978–982. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.14-15503

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Wolf-Schnurrbusch UE, Ceklic L, Brinkmann CK et al (2009) Macular thickness measurements in healthy eyes using six different optical coherence tomography instruments. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 50(7):3432–3437. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.08-2970

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Mwanza JC, Oakley JD, Budenz DL, Chang RT, Knight OJ, Feuer WJ (2011) Macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer: automated detection and thickness reproducibility with spectral domain-optical coherence tomography in glaucoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 52(11):8323–8329. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.11-7962

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  13. Mwanza JC, Durbin MK, Budenz DL et al (2011) Profile and predictors of normal ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness measured with frequency-domain optical coherence tomography. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 52(11):7872–7879. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.11-7896

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. O’Mahoney PR, Wong DT, Ray JG (2008) Retinal vein occlusion and traditional risk factors for atherosclerosis. Arch Ophthalmol 126(5):692–699. https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.126.5.692

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Bhagat N, Goldberg MF, Gascon P, Bell W, Haberman J, Zarbin MA (1999) Central retinal vein occlusion: review of management. Eur J Ophthalmol 9(3):165–180. https://doi.org/10.1177/112067219900900304

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ng DS, Chiang PP, Tan G et al (2016) Retinal ganglion cell neuronal damage in diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 44(4):243–250. https://doi.org/10.1111/ceo.12724

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Shin YI, Lim HB, Koo H, Lee WH, Kim JY (2020) Longitudinal changes in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in the fellow eyes of unilateral retinal vein occlusion. Sci Rep 10(1):7708. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64484-5

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Karaca C, Karaca Z (2018) Beyond hyperglycemia, evidence for retinal neurodegeneration in metabolic syndrome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 59(3):1360–1367. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.17-23376

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Stewart RM, Clearkin LG (2008) Insulin resistance and autoregulatory dysfunction in glaucoma and retinal vein occlusion. Am J Ophthalmol 145(3):394–396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2007.11.005

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Fraenkl SA, Mozaffarieh M, Flammer J (2010) Retinal vein occlusions: The potential impact of a dysregulation of the retinal veins. Epma j 1(2):253–261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13167-010-0025-2

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Pinhas A, Dubow M, Shah N et al (2015) Fellow eye changes in patients with nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion: assessment of perfused foveal microvascular density and identification of nonperfused capillaries. Retina 35(10):2028–2036. https://doi.org/10.1097/iae.0000000000000586

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  22. Mittal M, Siddiqui MR, Tran K, Reddy SP, Malik AB (2014) Reactive oxygen species in inflammation and tissue injury. Antioxid Redox Signal 20(7):1126–1167. https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2012.5149

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Pelosini L, Hull CC, Boyce JF, McHugh D, Stanford MR, Marshall J (2011) Optical coherence tomography may be used to predict visual acuity in patients with macular edema. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 52(5):2741–2748. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.09-4493

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Shaheer M, Amjad A, Saleem Z (2019) Retinal ganglion cell complex changes after intravitreal bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 29(5):426–429. https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2019.05.426

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Beck M, Munk MR, Ebneter A, Wolf S, Zinkernagel MS (2016) Retinal ganglion cell layer change in patients treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol 167:10–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajo.2016.04.003

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Shin HJ, Shin KC, Chung H, Kim HC (2014) Change of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in various retinal diseases treated with multiple intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 55(4):2403–2411. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.13-13769

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Hosseini H, Razeghinejad MR, Nowroozizadeh S, Jafari P, Ashraf H (2010) Effect of macular edema on optical coherence tomography signal strength. Retina 30(7):1084–1089. https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181d8e7d1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Yin S, Gardner TW, Thomas TO, Kolanda K (2003) Light scatter causes the grayness of detached retinas: implications for vision loss in retinal detachment. Arch Ophthalmol 121(7):1002–1008. https://doi.org/10.1001/archopht.121.7.1002

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Ho J, Sull AC, Vuong LN et al (2009) Assessment of artifacts and reproducibility across spectral- and time-domain optical coherence tomography devices. Ophthalmology 116(10):1960–1970. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.03.034

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong Province, China

    Zhaoxia Zheng, Meng Yan, Lu Li, Duo Zhang & Lina Zhang

Authors
  1. Zhaoxia Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Meng Yan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Lu Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Duo Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Lina Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Zhaoxia Zheng, Meng Yan, Lu Li, Duo Zhang, and Lina Zhang. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Zhaoxia Zheng, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lina Zhang.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval

Approval was obtained from the ethics committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Consent to publish

Not applicable.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zheng, Z., Yan, M., Li, L. et al. Analysis of ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness in retinal vein occlusion with resolved macular edema. Int Ophthalmol 43, 655–664 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02569-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02569-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation