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Comparisons of size of foveal avascular zone area among children with posterior microphthalmos, high hyperopia, and normal eyes

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Abstract

Purpose

To determine the area of the surface foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in children with posterior microphthalmos (PM), high hyperopia, and normal eyes using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA).

Methods

Thirty-six children were studied including 6 cases 12 eyes of PM (mean age 9.5 ± 5.2 years), 15 cases 30 eyes of high hyperopia (6.9 ± 1.5 years), and 15 cases 30 eyes of healthy individuals (8.7 ± 1.7 years). The B- and C-scan images in all children were recorded by OCT and OCTA with a scanning area of 3.0 × 3.0 mm centered on the fovea. All images were corrected for axial length differences, and the area of the FAZ surface and central macular thickness (CMT) was measured manually and compared.

Results

The area of FAZ in the PM group was 0.007 ± 0.003 mm2, which was significantly smaller than that in the high hyperopia eyes at 0.286 ± 0.108 mm2 and healthy eyes at 0.318 ± 0.129 mm2 (both P < 0.001). The CMT in the PM group was 401.58 ± 33.60 mm, which was significantly thicker than in the high hyperopia eyes at 202.93 ± 12.28 mm and the normal eyes at 204.43 ± 18.76 mm. The area of the FAZ and CMT in the hyperopia group did not differ significantly from that of the normal healthy eyes.

Conclusion

These findings indicate that patients with PM have a hypoplastic macular region, which must be considered in any treatment of these eyes.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author (Kozue Sasaki), upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This study was supported by Grands-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists, Scientific Research (A) and (B), Challenging Exploratory Research, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 19K20728 (MH), 18H04116 (MH), 20K04271 (MH), 19K21783 (MH), Charitable Trust Fund for Ophthalmic Research in Commemoration of Santen Pharmaceutical's Founder (MH), and Takeda Science Foundation (MH).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan

    Kozue Sasaki, Kakeru Sasaki, Masakazu Hirota, Takao Hayashi & Atsushi Mizota

  2. Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan

    Kakeru Sasaki, Masakazu Hirota & Takao Hayashi

Authors
  1. Kozue Sasaki
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  2. Kakeru Sasaki
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  3. Masakazu Hirota
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  4. Takao Hayashi
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  5. Atsushi Mizota
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kozue Sasaki.

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All authors declare no competing interests.

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Written informed consent was obtained from all participants after the nature, and possible risks of the study were explained to them. This investigation was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. The experimental protocol and consent procedures were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Teikyo University (approval no. 19–262).

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Sasaki, K., Sasaki, K., Hirota, M. et al. Comparisons of size of foveal avascular zone area among children with posterior microphthalmos, high hyperopia, and normal eyes. Int Ophthalmol 42, 2599–2607 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02250-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-022-02250-4

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