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Retinitis pigmentosa-associated anterior subcapsular cataract: morphological features and visual performance

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the morphological features and surgical outcomes of retinitis pigmentosa (RP)-associated anterior subcapsular cataract (ASC).

Methods

Consecutive RP-associated ASC cases were reviewed, and one hundred patients (171 eyes) were included. Anterior segment photographed images by slit-lamp microscope were reviewed. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was recorded. The cases were classified according to preoperative best BCVA, the area (central, midperipheral and peripheral) and the density (Grade 1, vacuolar/bubble-like; Grade 2, plaque-like/translucent; and Grade 3, fibrotic/opaque) of ASC; subgroup analysis of surgical outcomes was then performed.

Results

The mean age was 52.1 ± 13.7 years, and the 41–50-year group had the best BCVA. 13.5% of eyes had BCVA better than 20/63, 30.4% were between 20/400 and 20/63, and 56.1% were worse than 20/400. The percentage of ASCs in the central, midperipheral and peripheral areas was 55.0%, 37.4% and 7.6%, respectively. Postoperative BCVA was improved in the central and midperipheral groups (P < 0.001) but was not in the peripheral group (P = 0.07). The percentage of ASCs in density of Grade 1, 2 and 3 was 11.1%, 38.6% and 50.3%, respectively. Grade 2 and 3 achieved improved postoperative BCVA (P < 0.001), but Grade 1 did not (P = 0.693).

Conclusions

Mostly, ASC is located at the center of the pupillary area and affected the residual vision of RP patients. The patients benefited from cataract removal except for those with ASC extended to peripheral area. Surgery was also recommended for RP with ASC developed to be plaque-like and even fibrotic.

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Data availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the grant from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC1104603) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81470615)

Funding

This study was financially supported by the grant from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC1104603) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81470615).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Department of Cataract, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.7 Jinsui Road, Guangzhou, 510230, China

    Min Hou, Xuan Bao, Liangping Liu, Yujie Ding, Furong Luo & Mingxing Wu

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Ophthalmology and Optometry Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

    Xuan Bao

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  1. Min Hou
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  2. Xuan Bao
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Min Hou and Xuan Bao. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Min Hou and all authors commented on the previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mingxing Wu.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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The participants have consented to the submission of case report to the journal.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This retrospective study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University (No.2016MEKY047).

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Hou, M., Bao, X., Liu, L. et al. Retinitis pigmentosa-associated anterior subcapsular cataract: morphological features and visual performance. Int Ophthalmol 41, 3631–3639 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-021-01935-6

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