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Evaluation of the effect of smokeless tobacco (Maras powder) on choroidal and retinal blood flow: an optical coherence tomography angiography study

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Purpose

To investigate the acute and chronic effects of the use of smokeless tobacco (Maras powder) on macular and choroidal blood flow, via optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods

The study included 30 eyes of 30 patients using smokeless tobacco (ST) as the study group and 30 eyes of 30 healthy individuals as the control group. All subjects underwent a full ophthalmological examination, and baseline OCTA measurements were taken. Flow area in superficial capillary plexus (SCP), in deep capillary plexus (DCP), in choriocapillaris (mm2) and mean vascular density (VD) and foveal avascular zone in SCP and in DCP were assessed. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and central macular thickness were measured as well.

Results

The SFCT measurements were determined to be significantly low in the study group (p < 0.001). In the comparison of the study group measurements at 5 m, 30 m and 1 h after using ST compared to the baseline measurements, SCP and DCP flow area, VD, CC flow area and SFCT were determined to have significantly decreased, statistically (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

OCTA could be important in showing that choroidal microvascular structures have been affected before occurence of the apparent clinical signs associated with acute and chronic ST use.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Betul Kızıldağ, MD, Associate Professor, Sutcu Imam University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Kahramanmaras, Turkey, for her assistance in revision and for her comments that greatly improved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey

    Ayşegül Çömez & Abdullah Beyoğlu

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey

    Yalçın Karaküçük

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  1. Ayşegül Çömez
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  2. Yalçın Karaküçük
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  3. Abdullah Beyoğlu
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Correspondence to Ayşegül Çömez.

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All the procedures upon human participants within this study are compatible with the ethical standards of the national research committee as well as 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments.

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Each participant included in the study signed informed consent

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Çömez, A., Karaküçük, Y. & Beyoğlu, A. Evaluation of the effect of smokeless tobacco (Maras powder) on choroidal and retinal blood flow: an optical coherence tomography angiography study. Int Ophthalmol 40, 1367–1376 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01302-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-020-01302-x

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