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Evaluation of in vivo anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic attributes of methanolic extract of Launaea spinosa

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Abstract

Launaea spinosa is used as an anti-inflammatory agent traditionally. This study was conducted to evaluate anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities of methanol extract of Launaea spinosa. Extraction was performed by maceration and the resultant green coloured extract was labelled as Ls.Me. Solubility analysis showed that Ls.Me was miscible with distilled water, normal saline, ethanol and methanol. Metal analysis following acid digestion method exhibited the presence of copper, magnesium, manganese, iron, zinc and calcium. Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of different classes of secondary metabolites in Ls.Me. HPLC analysis showed the presence of quercetin, gallic acid, caffeic acid, benzoic acid and sinapic acid in Ls.Me. Data of in vitro antioxidant assays showed moderate antioxidant potential of Ls.Me which was also confirmed by data of in vivo enzymes (SOD, CAT, and TSP) assays. Antimicrobial assays data showed that Ls.Me was active against S.aureus and S.epidermidis (bacterial) as well as C.albicans and A.niger (fungal) strains. Data of acute physio-pathological studies showed no abnormalities in Albino rats up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg of Ls.Me. Acute and chronic inflammatory models were used to evaluate anti-inflammatory effects of Ls.Me. Data of acute studies showed that Ls.Me has the potential to arrest inflammation produced by different mediators in a dose-dependent manner. 200 mg/kg of Ls.Me was found to produce significantly (p < 0.05) better anti-inflammatory effects than 100 mg/kg of Ls.Me. Ls.Me also significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited ear edema induced by xylene. Ls.Me showed profound anti-inflammatory responses in paw edema induced by formalin and also inhibited granuloma development in cotton pellet-induced granuloma model. Histopathological and biochemical investigations showed marked reduction in the number of inflammatory cells. TNF-α and IL-6 ELSIA kits were used to study effects of Ls.Me treatment on serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Data obtained showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in TNF-α and IL-6 levels in serum of animals treated with Ls.Me. Data of in vivo angiogenesis assay showed that 200 µg/ml of Ls.Me significantly halted vasculature development indicating its potent anti-angiogenic potential. On the basis of findings of the current study, it is concluded that multiple phytochemicals present in Ls.Me act synergistically to produce anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects. Further studies are required to standardize the plant extract and explore its safety profile.

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  • 03 August 2020

    Unfortunately, a section under the heading ���Materials and Method��� has been published with errors.

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Acknowledgement

We would like to thank Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad for providing research facilities to conduct this project. This work was financially supported by Higher Education Commission of Pakistan Research Grant No: 21-1828/SRGP/R&D/HEC/2018.

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  1. Muhammad Asif, Mahrukh, Malik Saadullah and Hafiza Sidra Yaseen have equal contributions.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Asif,  Mahrukh, Malik Saadullah, Hafiza Sidra Yaseen, Hafiz Muhammad Yousaf & Ikram Ullah Khan

  2. University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

    Mohammad Saleem

  3. Sheikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan

    Maria Yaseen

  4. FMH College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Usman Shams

  5. Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

    Muhammad Asif

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Study protocol was approved by Ethics Committee of GCUF, Pakistan (Ref. number: GCUF/ERC/2048).

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Asif, M., Mahrukh, Saadullah, M. et al. Evaluation of in vivo anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic attributes of methanolic extract of Launaea spinosa. Inflammopharmacol 28, 993–1008 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-020-00687-6

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