Abstract
Obesity means the accumulation of excessive fat that may interfere with the maintenance of optimal state of health. Obesity causes cardiac and vascular disease through well-known mediators such as hypertension, type-2 diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, but there are evidences for other mediators such as chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and thrombosis. The decreased levels of antioxidants factors and nitric oxide predispose to further cardiovascular adverse events. To reduce the risks, antioxidants can help by neutralizing the free radicals and protecting from damage by donating electrons. Having the capacity, vitamin C protects from oxidative stress, prevention of non-enzymatic glycosylation of proteins, and enhances arterial dilation through its effect on nitric oxide release. It also decreases lipid peroxidation, and alleviates inflammation. The anti-inflammatory property of vitamin C could be attributed to ability to modulate the NF-kB DNA binding activity and down-regulation in the hepatic mRNA expression for the interleukins and tumor factors.
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Abbreviations
- BMI:
-
Body mass index
- BP:
-
Blood pressure
- CHD:
-
Coronary heart disease
- CRP:
-
C reactive protein
- CVD:
-
Cardiovascular disease
- DBP:
-
Diastolic blood pressure
- FBG:
-
Fasting blood glucose
- FFAs:
-
Free fatty acids
- HDL:
-
High density lipoprotein
- HT:
-
Hypertension
- IGT:
-
Impaired glucose tolerance
- IL:
-
Interleukin
- LDL:
-
Low density lipoprotein
- MCP-1:
-
Macrophage chemoattractant protein-1
- MDA:
-
Malondialdehyde
- MI:
-
Myocardial infarction
- NF-kB:
-
Nuclear factor kB
- NHANES:
-
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
- NO:
-
Nitric oxide
- PAI-1:
-
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1
- RCT:
-
Randomized controlled trial
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- SBP:
-
Systolic blood pressure
- SNPs:
-
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms
- T2DM:
-
Type-2 diabetes mellitus
- TC:
-
Total cholesterol
- TG:
-
Triglyceride
- TNF-α:
-
Tumor necrosis factor alpha
- WC:
-
Waist circumference
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Ellulu, M.S. Obesity, cardiovascular disease, and role of vitamin C on inflammation: a review of facts and underlying mechanisms. Inflammopharmacol 25, 313–328 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-017-0314-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-017-0314-7