Skip to main content
Log in

Dependent Arising, Non-arising, and the Mind: MMK1 and the Abhidharma

  • Published:
Journal of Indian Philosophy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The first Chapter of Nāgārjuna’s Mūlamadhyamakakārikā offers a critique of causation that includes the Abhidharmic category of the ‘four conditions’. Following the South-Asian commentarial tradition, this article discusses the precise relationship between Madhyamaka philosophy and its fundamental Abhidharmic background. What comes to light is a more precise assessment of Madhyamaka ideas about viable conventions, understood as the process of dependent arising. Since this is primarily in the sense of conceptual dependence, it involves sentiency as a necessary causal element, and the relationship between sentiency and conceptuality is highlighted by Nāgārjuna and his commentators. Viable conventions exclude the possibility of a non-contingent core, and the systems and categories that revolve around such non-contingent element (ātman) are discarded by the Madhyamaka even at a conventional level.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

For the Tibetan Versions of the Akutobhayā, Prajñāpradīpa and Madhyamakāvatāraṭīkā, Please See the Madhyamaka Section of http://www.asianclassics.org/

  • Abhidharmakośakārikā, Bhāṣya, and Vyākhyā.

  • Shastri, D. (Ed.). (1981). Abhidharmakośakārikā (with Bhāṣya and Vyākhyā). Varanasi: Bauddha Bharati.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wogihara, U. (Ed.). (1936, 1971, 1989). Abhidharmakośavyākhyā the work of Yaśomitra. Tokyo: Sankibo.

  • Pradhan, P. (Ed.). (1967). Abhidharmakośabhāṣya of Vasubandhu. Patna: Kashi Prasad Jayaswal Research Institute.

    Google Scholar 

  • Abhidharmasamuccaya and Abhidharmasamuccayabhāṣya.

  • Sthiramati. (2003). Abhidharmasamuccayabhāṣya. Electronic version collating Gokhale, Pradhan, Tatia and the Tibetan Vyākhyā. Shiga: Private Isssue.

  • Catuḥśataka.

  • Bhattacharya, V. (Ed.). (1931). The Catuḥśataka of Āryadeva. Part II. Calcutta: Visva Bharati.

    Google Scholar 

  • Triṁśikā Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi and Triṁśikābhāṣya.

  • Lévi, S. (Ed.). (1925). Triṁśikābhāṣya. Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi: deux traités. Texte, Volume 1. École Pratique des Hautes Études (Paris) Section Sciences Historiques et Philologiques: Champion.

  • Pratītyasamutpādahṛdayakārikā and Vyākhyāna.

  • Jamchen Namdol, Ācārya. (Ed.). (1997). Ācāryanāgārjunapraṇīta Pratītyasamutpādahṛdaya evaṁ Āryadharmadhātugarbhavivaraṇa. Sarnath: Central Institute for Higher Tibetan Studies.

  • Prasannapadā.

  • De la Vallée Poussin, L. (Ed.). (1913). Mūlamadhyamakakārikās de Nāgārjuna avec la Prasannapadā Commentaire de Candrakīrti. St. Petersbourg: Académie Impériale des Sciences.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodhicaryāvatāra and Pañjikā.

  • De la Vallée Poussin, L. (Ed.). (1902). Bodhicaryāvatāra. Bodhicaryāvatārapañjikā. Calcutta: Asiatic Society of Bengal.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buddhapālitavṛtti.

  • Saito, A. (1984). A study of the Buddhapālitavṛtti. Doctoral Dissertation, Australian National University.

  • Madhyamakāvatārakārikā.

  • Li Xuezhu. (Ed.). (2012). Madhyamakāvatārakārikā. China Tibetology, no.18, pp. 1-16.

  • Madhyāntavibhāga, with Bhāṣya and Ṭīkā.

  • Pandeya, R. (Ed.). (1971). Madhyāntavibhāgaśāstra. (Madhyāntavibhāgabhāṣyaṭīkā). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuktiṣaṣṭikā.

  • Lindtner, C. (1982). Nagarjuniana: Studies in the writings and philosophy of Nagarjuna. Copenhagen: Institut for indisk filologi.

    Google Scholar 

  • Śālistambasūtra.

  • Ross Reat, N. (1993). The Śālistambasūtra. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Śūnyatāsaptati.

  • Dorje, S. (Ed. and Tr.). (1996). Śūnyatāsaptatiḥ: Āryanāgārjunapraṇītā, svopajñavṛttyā samvanvitā. Sārnāth: CIHTS.

Secondary Literature

  • Ames, W. L. (1993). Bhāvaviveka’s Prajñāpradīpa. A translation of chapter one: ‘Examinations of causal conditions’ (Pratyaya). Journal of Indian Philosophy, 21(3), 211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ames, W. L. (1994). Bhāvaviveka’s Prajñāpradīpa. A translation of chapter one: ‘Examinations of causal conditions’ (Pratyaya). Part Two. Journal of Indian Philosophy, 22(2), 93.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chinn, E. (2001). Nāgārjuna’s fundamental doctrine of Pratītyasamutpāda. PEW, 51(1), 54–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Del Toso, K. (2007). Kārya and Kāraṇa in Nāgārjuna’s Mūlamadhyamakakārikās. In AION, 67/1–4 (2007), 137–156.

  • Garfield, J. L. (1995). The fundamental wisdom of the middle way. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garfield, J. L. (2002). Empty words: Buddhist philosophy and cross-cultural interpretation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

  • Hirakawa, A. (1973). Index to the Abhidharmakośabhāṣya. Part One. Tokyo: Daizo Shuppan Kabushikikaisha.

    Google Scholar 

  • Inada, K. K. (1993). Nāgārjuna: A translation of his Mūlamadhyamakakārikā with an introductory essay. Delhi: Sri Satguru Publications (first edition 1970, Hokuseido Press).

  • Kalupahana, D. J. (1986a). Causality: the central philosophy of Buddhism. Honolulu: The University Press of Hawaii.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kalupahana, D. J. (1986b). Nāgārjuna: The philosophy of the middle way: The Mūlamadhyamakakārikā of Nagarjuna. New York: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Katsura, S. (1997). Nāgārjuna and Pratītyasamutpāda. Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies, No. 1, December 1997, 497–492.

  • Magee, W. (2010). Paths to omniscience: The Geluk hermeneutics of Nga-_wang-_bel-den. Taipei: Dharma Drum Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandeya, R. (Ed. and Tr.). (1988). The Madhyamakaśāstram of Nāgārjuna. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.

  • Salvini, M. (2008). Conventions and agency in the philosophies of the Mahāyāna. Doctoral Dissertation, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, London.

  • Salvini, M. (2011). The Nidāna Samyukta and the Mūlamadhyamakakārikā: understanding the Middle Way through comparison and exegesis. Thai International Journal of Buddhist Studies, 2, 57–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siderits, M., & Katsura, S. (2013). Nāgārjuna’s Middle Way. Boston: Wisdom Publications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skilling, P. (1998). The Sūtra on the four conditions. A (Mūla)Sarvāstivādin discourse on causality. WZKS, 42, 139–149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tillemans, T. J. F. (2011). How far can a Mādhyamika Buddhist reform conventional truth? Dismal relativism, fictionalism, easy–easy truth, and the alternatives. The Cowherds, Moonshadows: Conventional truths in Madhyamaka philosophy (pp. 151–165). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westerhoff, J. (2009). Nāgārjuna’s Madhyamaka. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mattia Salvini.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Salvini, M. Dependent Arising, Non-arising, and the Mind: MMK1 and the Abhidharma. J Indian Philos 42, 471–497 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10781-014-9219-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10781-014-9219-6

Keywords

Navigation