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Electrolytic Conductivity of Four Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids

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Abstract

In this article, electrolytic (ionic) conductivity measurements of four ionic liquids (ILs), namely, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl] imide ([C\(_{2}\)mim][NTf\(_{2}\)]), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([C\(_{2}\)mim][OTf]), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide ([C\(_{6}\)mim][NTf\(_{2}\)]), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate ([C\(_{2}\)mim][EtSO\(_{4}\)]) (ECOENG212\(^\circledR \)), were performed in a temperature range of (288.15 to 333.15) K. [C\(_{6}\)mim][NTf\(_{2}\)] was chosen to be a reference ionic liquid for several properties, including the electrolytic conductivity by the IUPAC Project 2002-005-1-100. For that reason, the measurements performed with that ionic liquid primarily serve the purpose to validate the instrumentation and the experimental procedure used in this work. The measurements were carried out using a complex impedance method, applying a novel electronic device designed and constructed for this purpose. The complete setup includes a Schott Instruments LF 913 T, used as a four-electrode conductivity cell, and a lock-in amplifier. The cell was calibrated using standard reference KCl aqueous solutions. The measurements of the impedance of the conductivity cell were carried out along a range of frequencies from (0.2 to 30) kHz, and the results were extrapolated to infinite frequency, in order to determine the electrolytic conductivity of the liquid samples. The results obtained for the ionic liquid [C\(_{6}\)mim][NTf\(_{2}\)] were compared to reference data, and it was estimated that the overall uncertainty of the present results is better than 2 %. All the data obtained were compared with available literature data, and were analyzed and discussed in respect to the effect of temperature, cation alkyl chain length, and anion.

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Notes

  1. Conductivity Standard 0.1D, 12.85 mS \(\cdot \) cm\(^{-1}\) \(\pm \) 0.35 % @ 25 \(^\circ \) C, manufactured by Hach Lange GmbH for Radiometer Analytical SAS, Serial Number C01600, Calibration mark 000313/DKD-K-47901/10-03, (Villeurbanne Cedex, France, 2010).

  2. Conductivity Standard 0.1D, 12.85 mS \(\cdot \) cm\(^{-1}\) \(\pm \) 0.35 % @ 25 \(^\circ \) C, manufactured by Hach Lange GmbH for Radiometer Analytical SAS, Serial Number C01600, Calibration mark 000313/DKD-K-47901/10-03, (Villeurbanne Cedex, France, 2010).

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Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by the Strategic Project PEst-OE/QUI/UIO100/2011 and by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, through the project PTDC/EQU-EPR/103505/2008 and Marta S. Calado is grateful for her grant through this project. João C.F. Diogo is grateful to the FCT for the Ph.D. grant SFRH/BD/66736/2009. The authors wish to thank Fernando J. V. Santos (Centro de Ciências Moleculares e Materiais e Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal) for his valuable advice and discussions on the experimental details.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Química Estrutural, Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 , Lisbon, Portugal

    Marta S. Calado, João C. F. Diogo, José L. Correia da Mata, Fernando J. P. Caetano, Zoran P. Visak & João M. N. A. Fareleira

  2. Academia Militar, Paço da Rainha, 29, 1150-244 , Lisbon, Portugal

    José L. Correia da Mata

  3. Universidade Aberta, R. da Escola Politécnica, 147, 1269-001 , Lisbon, Portugal

    Fernando J. P. Caetano

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  1. Marta S. Calado
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  2. João C. F. Diogo
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Correspondence to Fernando J. P. Caetano or Zoran P. Visak.

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Calado, M.S., Diogo, J.C.F., Correia da Mata, J.L. et al. Electrolytic Conductivity of Four Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids. Int J Thermophys 34, 1265–1279 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10765-013-1491-2

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