Abstract
We design an electrically controllable terahertz wave attenuator by using graphene. We show that terahertz wave can be confined and propagate on S-shaped graphene waveguide with little radiation losses, and the confined terahertz wave is further manipulated and controlled via external applied voltage bias. The simulated results show that, when chemical potential changes from 0.03 into 0.05 eV, the extinction ratio of the terahertz wave attenuator can be tuned from 1.28 to 39.42 dB. Besides the simplicity, this novel terahertz wave attenuator has advantages of small size (24 × 30 μm2), a low insertion loss, and good controllability. It has a potential application for forthcoming planar terahertz wave integrated circuit fields.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
W.Chan, J.Deibel, D. Mittleman, “Imaging with terahertz radiation,” Rep. Progr. Phys., 70(8): 1325–1379, 2007
L.Moller, J.Federici, A.Sinyukov, C.Xie, H.Lim, R.Giles, “Data encoding on terahertz signals for communication and sensing,” Opt. Lett., 33(4):393–395, 2008
T.Nagatsuma, “Breakthroughs in Photonics 2013: THz communications based on photonics,” IEEE Photonic Journal, 6(2), 001505, 2014
Y.Wu, X.Ruan, C.Chen, Y.Shin, Y.Lee, J.Niu, J.Liu, Y.Chen, K.Yang, X.Zhang, J.Ahn, H.Yang, “Graphene/liquid crystal based terahertz phase shifters,” Opt. Express, 21, 21395–21402, 2013
M.Amin, M.Farhat, H.Bağc, “An ultra-broadband multilayered graphene absorber,” Opt. Express, 21,29938-29948, 2013
Z.Li, Y.Ding, “Terahertz broadband-stop filters,” IEEE J. Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, 19(1): 8500705, 2013
F.Fan, W.Gu, S.Chen, X.Wang, S.Chang, “State conversion based on terahertz plasmonics with vanadium dioxide coating controlled by optical pumping,” Opt. Lett. 38, 1582–1584, 2013
F.Fan, W.Li, W.Gu, X.Wang, S.Chang, “Cross-shaped metal- semiconductor- metal plasmonic crystal for terahertz modulator,” Photon. Nanostruct: Fundam. Appl. 11, 48–54, 2013
F.Fan, S.Chen, X.Wang, S.Chang, “Tunable nonreciprocal terahertz transmission and enhancement based on metal/magneto-optic plasmonic lens,” Opt. Express, 21, 8614–8621, 2013
M.Danaeifar, N.Granpayeh, A.Mohammadi, A.Setayesh, “Graphene-based tunable terahertz and infrared band-pass filter,” Appl. Opt. 52, E68-E72, 2013
X.Gu, I.Lin, J.Liu, “Extremely confined terahertz surface plasmon- polaritons in graphene-metal structures,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 103, 071103, 2013
S.Biber, D.Schneiderbanger, L.Schmidt, “Design of a controllable attenuator with high dynamic range for THz-frequencies based on optically stimulated free carriers in high-resistivity silicon,” Frequenz, 59 (5–6): 141–144, 2005
J.Li, J.Yao, “Controllable terahertz wave attenuator,” Microwave and Optical Technol. Lett., 50(7): 1810–1812, 2008
G.Hanson, “Dyadic Green's functions for an anisotropic, non-local model of biased graphene,” IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 56(3): 747–757, 2008
H.Xu, W.Lu, Y.Jiang, Z.Dong, “Beam-scanning planar lens based on graphene,” Applied Physics Letters, 100(5): 051903 2012
J.Zheng, L.Yu, S.He, D.Dai, “Tunable pattern-free graphene nanoplasmonic waveguides on trenched silicon substrate,” Scientific Reports, 5: 7987, 2015
A.Vakil, N.Engheta, “Transformation optics using graphene,” Science, 332, 1291, 2011
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Zhejiang Province Natural Science Fund under Grant No. LY15F050006, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 61379024, 61131005. We are grateful to Dr. L. Zhang for helpful suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jian-rong, H., Jiu-sheng, L. & Guo-hua, Q. Graphene-Based\ Waveguide Terahertz Wave Attenuator. J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves 37, 668–675 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-016-0254-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10762-016-0254-0