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An Alternative Pathway Through the Fenton Reaction for the Formation of Advanced Oxidation Protein Products, a New Class of Inflammatory Mediators

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Abstract

The accumulation of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) has been linked to several pathological conditions, and their levels are formed during oxidative stress as a result of reactions between plasma proteins and chlorinated oxidants produced by myeloperoxidase (MPO). However, it was suggested that the generation of this mediator of inflammation may also occur via an MPO-independent pathway. The aim of this study was to induce the formation of AOPPs in vitro through Fenton reaction and to investigate whether this generation could be counteracted by N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP). The complete Fenton system increased the AOPPs levels and both NAC and FBP were capable of inhibiting the formation of Fenton reaction-induced AOPPs. These data provide a new hypothesis about another pathway of AOPPs formation, as well as report that NAC and FBP may be good candidates to neutralize pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant effects of AOPPs in several diseases.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grants to Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Brazil) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes, Brazil). We thank SPi Global Professional Editing Services for writing assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Clinical Analysis, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Guilherme Vargas Bochi, Vanessa Dorneles Torbitz, Lara Peruzzolo Cargnin, José Antonio Mainardi de Carvalho & Rafael Noal Moresco

  2. Pharmacology Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Guilherme Vargas Bochi & Rafael Noal Moresco

  3. Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Vanessa Dorneles Torbitz, José Antonio Mainardi de Carvalho & Rafael Noal Moresco

  4. Nanosciences Postgraduate Program, Franciscan University Center, UNIFRA, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Patrícia Gomes

  5. Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Prédio 26, Sala 1401, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil

    Rafael Noal Moresco

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  1. Guilherme Vargas Bochi
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  2. Vanessa Dorneles Torbitz
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Correspondence to Rafael Noal Moresco.

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Bochi, G.V., Torbitz, V.D., Cargnin, L.P. et al. An Alternative Pathway Through the Fenton Reaction for the Formation of Advanced Oxidation Protein Products, a New Class of Inflammatory Mediators. Inflammation 37, 512–521 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-013-9765-1

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