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Environmental variation in Amazonian interfluves and its effects on local mayfly assemblages

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Abstract

We assessed how the variation in environmental factors influences mayfly assemblages in conserved streams of different Amazonian interfluves. We hypothesized that environmental variables, mayfly assemblages, and the influence of environmental factors vary among these interfluves, given their distinct evolutionary and ecological histories, and patterns of human interference. We also expected that the effects of environmental variation on species richness and composition would be greater among interfluves than among streams within the same interfluve. Our hypotheses were corroborated, reflecting the considerable heterogeneity of the Amazonian biome, where streams vary naturally among interfluves, determining broad scale divergences in species composition. The environment affected mayfly diversity in different ways among interfluves, reflecting the influence of historical processes that resulted in the formation of centers of endemism delimited by major Amazonian rivers, in which distinct biotic and abiotic factors have prevailed. These regional effects have resulted from the heterogeneity of environmental gradients, which affect mayfly diversity. The results of the present study indicate that, depending on the scale and topography of the interfluve, environmental predictors of the structure of mayfly assemblages vary considerably. This has important implications for the definition of control sites for the assessment and monitoring of environmental quality.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank all the members of the Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation (LabECo) at the Federal University of Pará (UFPA) for assisting with fieldwork. We are also grateful to the National Research Council (CNPq) for financing projects 481015/2011-6 - Universal 14/2011 and 475611/2012-8, and granting a productivity scholarship to LJ (process: 304710/2019-9). We would also like to thank the Coordination for Higher Education Personnel Training (CAPES), through PROCAD-AMAZONIA/CAPES, for funding the senior internship of LJ at the University of Florida (process 88881.474457/2020-01). We are also grateful to the Research Program in the Biodiversity of Eastern Amazonia (PPBio) and the Pará State Foundation for Amazonian Research (FAPESPA; ICAAF 03/2011) for their financial support. Finally, we thank the UFPA Research and Graduate Studies Faculty (PROPESP) for funding the revision of the manuscript by Dr. Stephen Ferrari.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Pará/Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, Pará, Brazil

    Yulie Shimano

  2. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa do Pantanal, Campus Avançado do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil

    Yulie Shimano

  3. Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso, Primavera do Leste, Mato Grosso, Brazil

    Denis S. Nogueira

  4. Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil

    Leandro Juen

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Shimano, Y., Nogueira, D.S. & Juen, L. Environmental variation in Amazonian interfluves and its effects on local mayfly assemblages. Hydrobiologia 848, 4075–4092 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-021-04626-6

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