Skip to main content
Log in

State of the Art in Protection of Bottom Against Scour Caused by Marine Propulsors

  • Published:
Power Technology and Engineering Aims and scope

The state of the art in the protection of the bottom near and the foundations of hydraulic structures from scour caused by marine propulsors is analyzed. The need to formulate recommendations on determining the parameters of the scouring action and engineering measures to protect the bottom against scour is identified.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Guidelines for Protecting Berthing Structures from Scour Caused by Ships, PIANC Report No. 180, Maritime Navigation Commission, PIANC (2015).

  2. M. Hawkswood, M. King, and R. De Haan, Propeller Action and Berth Scour Protection, PIANC-COPEDEC IX, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  3. M. G. Hawkswood, F. H. Lafeber, and G. M. Hawkswood, “Berth scour protection for modern vessels,” in: Proc. PIANC World Congr., San Francisco, USA (2014), pp. 98 – 117.

  4. O. Stoschek, E. Precht, O. Larsen, et al., “Sediment resuspension and seabed scour induced by ship-propeller wash,” in: Proc. PIANC World Congr., San Francisco, USA (2014), pp. 1337 – 1354.

  5. A. I. Al’khimenko (ed.), N. D. Belyaev, and Yu. N. Fomin, Safety of Maritime Hydraulic Structures: A manual [in Russian], Lan’, St. Petersburg (2003).

  6. N. D. Belyaev, Engineering Methods for Preventing the Scour of Bottom by Marine Propulsors. Author’s Abstract of PhD Thesis [in Russian], SPbETU (1999).

  7. W. Robakiewicz, “Bottom erosion as an effect of ship propeller action near the harbour quays,” Bull. PIANC, 58 (1987).

  8. W. Robakiewicz, “The influence of the action of the jet behind the screw on the bottom. Example of model and field measurements with trawler B-20,” Rozprawy Hydrotechniczne, 19, 177 – 214 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  9. M. Fuehrer, H. Pohl, and K. Romisch, “Propeller jet erosion & stability criteria for bottom protection of various structures,” Bull. PIANC, 58 (1987).

  10. M. Fuehrer and K. Romisch, “Effect of modern ship traffic on inland- and ocean-waterways and their structures,” in: Proc. PIANC’s 24th Int. Navigation Congr. Sec. I, Vol. 3, Leningrad (1977).

  11. K. Romisch, “Systems for protection against propeller jet erosion in harbours,” in: Proc. 3rd Int. Seminar on Renovation and Improvements to Existing Quay Structures, Gdansk (1993), pp. 31.V – 2.VI.

  12. H. G. Blaauw and E. van de Kaa, “Erosion of bottom and sloping banks caused by the screw race of manoeuvring ships,” in: Proc. 7th Int. Harbour Congr., Antwerp (1978).

  13. H. G. Blaauw, F. C. M. van der Knaap, M. T. de Groot, and K. W. Pilarczyk, “Design of bank protection of inland navigation fairways,” DHL Publication, No. 320 (1984).

  14. H. J. Verhey, “The stability of bottom and banks subjected to the velocities in the propeller jet behind ships,” DHL Publication, No. 303 (1983).

  15. H. J. Verhey, T. Blokland, M. P. Bogaerts, D. Volger, and R. W. Weyde, “Experience in the Netherlands with quay structures subjected to velocities created by bow thrusters & main propellers of mooring and unmooring ships,” Bull. PIANC, 58 (1987).

  16. R. W. van der Weyde, P. J. M. Heijnijk, A. C. Noordijk, and J. T. Kleijheeg, “Scouring by ships’ propellers. Tracing, repair, prevention,” in: 10th Int. Harbour Congr., June 15 – 19 Antwerp (1992).

  17. H. Bergh and K. Cederwall, “Propeller erosion in harbours,” in: Proc. PIANC’s 25th Int. Navigation Congr. Sec. I, Vol. 1, Edinburgh (1981).

  18. H. Bergh and N. Magnusson, “Propeller erosion and protection methods used in ferry terminals in the port of Stockholm,” Bull. PIANC, 58 (1987).

  19. G. A. Hamill, “The scouring action of the propeller jet produced by a slowly manoeuvring ship,” Bull. PIANC, 62 (1988).

  20. M. J. Prosser, Propeller Induced Scour, BHRAproject report for the British Port Association, BHRA & BPA (1986).

  21. G. Hamill, C. Kee, and D. Ryan, “Three-dimension efflux velocity characteristics of marine propeller jets,” ICE Maritime Eng., 168(1), 62 – 75 (2015).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. A. Roubos, T. Blockland, and T. Van Der Plas, “Field tests propeller scour along quay wall,” in: Proc. PIANC World Congr., San Francisco, USA (2014), pp. 118 – 137.

  23. Ferry Developments and Their Consequences for Ports. Recommendations for the Design and Operation of Port Facilities, Report of working group 11 of PTC II, PIANC, Supplement to Bulletin 87 (1995).

  24. Guidelines for Design of Armoured Slopes under Open Piled Quay Walls, Report of working group 22 of PTC II, PIANC, Supplement to Bulletin 96 (1997).

  25. BAW. Principles for the Design of Bank and Bottom Protection for Inland Waterways, Mitteilungen 88, Federal Waterways Engineering and Research Institute, Karlsruhe (2005).

  26. CIRIA, CUR, CETMEF, The Rock Manual. The Use of Rock in Hydraulic Engineering, C683, CIRIA, London (2007).

  27. CUR. Handbook Quay Walls, CUR 211E, Taylor and Francis Group (2005).

  28. EAU. Recommendations of the Committee for Waterfront Structures-Harbours and Waterways, Digitised and updated edition (2009).

  29. U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. Coastal Engineering Manual (2012).

  30. ROM. Recommendations for Maritime Works, Ministry of Public Works, Spain (2000).

  31. V. Balanin, L. Bykov, D. Zernov, et al., “Means of protecting waterway slopes and beds from streams and waves, including ship effect,” in: Proc. PIANC’s 25th Int. Navigation Congr., Sec. I, Vol. 1, Edinburgh (1981).

  32. N. Beliaev, “Review of protection methods against propeller erosion,” in: Proc. of the 4th Int. Seminar on Renovation and Improvements to Existing Quay Structures. Vol. 1, Techn. Univ. of Gdansk, Poland (1997), pp. 5 – 12.

  33. SO 34.21.204–2005. Recommendations on Predicting the Channel Transformation Downstream of Hydraulic Projects [in Russian], St. Petersburg (2006).

  34. N. D. Belyaev, V. V. Lebedev, I. S. Nudner, K. K. Semenov, and D. I. Shchemelinin, “Selection of measures to protect offshore gravity platforms against scour,” Inzh.-Stroit. Zh., No. 3(55), 79 – 88 (2015).

  35. K. N. Makarov and A. G. Chebotarev, “Wave protection ripraps at the root of seawalls,” Inzh.-Stroit. Zh., No. 3(55), 67 – 78 (2015).

  36. V. I. Klimovich and K. V. Par’ev, “Reliability of scour protection design near the Prirazlomnaja platform,” Inzh.-Stroit. Zh., No. 7(75), 52 – 65 (2017).

  37. P 56–90. Recommendations on Designing of Reverse Filters for Hydraulic Structures [in Russian], St. Petersburg (1992).

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. D. Belyaev.

Additional information

Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel’svo, No. 2, February 2019, pp. 7 – 16.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Belyaev, N.D., Klimovich, V.I. State of the Art in Protection of Bottom Against Scour Caused by Marine Propulsors. Power Technol Eng 53, 159–166 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10749-019-01054-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10749-019-01054-4

Keywords

Navigation