Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Molecular phylogeny of Chinese vegetable mustard (Brassica juncea) based on the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Sequence variation of nuclear internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal DNA (ITS1, 5.8S rRNA and ITS2) from Chinese vegetable mustards (AB-genome) and its putative parents Brassica rapa (the A-genome) and Brassica nigra (the B-genome) were used to investigate the molecular phylogeny and the probable evolutional pattern of this amphidiploid species that uniquely formed in China. Totally, 16 accessions of Chinese vegetable mustard those covering nearly all the diverse variations were included in this study, and together with three accessions of B. rapa and one accession of B. nigra. The results disclosed two strongly supported clades, one containing four accessions of vegetable mustard which have closer relationship with B-genome species “B.nigra” lineage and the other containing 12 accessions of B. juncea and three A-genome accessions. This classification was in disagreement with the evidence from chloroplast DNA, mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), which suggested that B. juncea was closely related to the A-genome type. For the incongruence, we speculated that the B. juncea crops derived from Chinese have evolved through different recombined events of the diploid morphutypes and evolved unidirectional concerted evolution. The traditional phenotypic classification of B. juncea was not wholly supported by ITS results, and hence the phylogenetic relationships among these subspecies need to be reconsidered on molecular level.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

Refenences

  • Ainouche ML, Bayer R (1997) On the origins of the tetraploid Bromus species (section Bromus, Poaceae): in-sights from internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Genome 40:730–743

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baldwin BG, Sanderson MJ, Porter JM, Wojciechowski MF, Campbell CS, Donoghue MJ (1995) The ITS region of nuclear ribosomal DNA: a valuable source of evidence on angiosperm phylogeny. Ann Mo Bot Gard 82:247–277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Buckler ES, Holtsford TP (1996) Zea systematics: ribosomal ITS evidence. Mol Biol Evol 13:612–622

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen C-L, Chen X-Q (1992) A study on origin of Brassica juncea Coss. in China. J Southwest Agric 5:6–11 (in Chinese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Downie SR, Katz-Downie D (1996) A molecular phylogeny of Apiaceae subfamily Apiaceae: evidence from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences. Am J Bot 83:234–251

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Doyle JJ, Doyle JL (1990) Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12:13–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Erickson LR, Straus NA, Beversdorf WD (1983) Restriction patterns reveal origins of chloroplast genomes in Brassica amphidiploids. Theor Appl Genet 65:201–206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fu J, Zhang MF, Qi XH (2005) Genetic diversity of traditional Chinese mustard crops as revealed by phenotypic differences and RAPD markers. Genet Resour Crop Evol 53:1513–1519

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gladis T, Hammer K (1992) The Brassica collection in Gatersleben: Brassica juncea, Brassica napus, Brassica nigra, and Brassica rapa. Feddes Rep 103(7–8):469–507

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koch MA, Dobe C, Olds TM (2003) Multiple hybrid formation in natural populations: concerted evolution of the internal transcribed spacer of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS) in Northern American Arabis divaricarpa (Brassicaceae). Mol Biol Evol 20:338–350

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koch MA, Al-Shehbaz I (2000) Molecular systematics of the Chinese Yinshania (Brassicaeae): evidence from plastid trnL intron and nuclear ITS DNA sequence data. Ann Missouri Bot Gard 87:246–272

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lionneton E, Aubert G, Ochatt S, Merah O (2004) Genetic analysis of agronomic and quality traits in mustard (Brassica juncea). Theor Appl Genet 109:792–799

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu P-Y (1996) Chinese Mustard. China Agriculture Press, Beijing, pp 46–56 (in Chinese)

  • Mukherijea P (1975) Karymorphological studies of ten strains of India mustard (Brassica juncea Coss). Euphytica 24:483–486

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oram RN, Kirk JTO, Veness PE, Hurlstone CJ, Edlington JP, Halsall DM (2005) Breeding Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] for cold-pressed, edible oil production – a review. Aust J Agricult Res 56:581–596

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer JD, Herbon LA (1988) Plant mitochondrial DNA evolves rapidly in structure, but slowly in sequence. J Mol Evol 28:87–97

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Palmer JD, Shields CR, Cohen DB, Orton TJ (1983) Chloroplast DNA evolution and the origin of amphidiploid Brassica species. Theor Appl Genet 65:181–189

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prakash S, Hinata K (1980) Taxonomy, cytogenetics and origin of crop Brassica. A review. Opera Bot 55:1–57

    Google Scholar 

  • Song KM, Osborn TC, Williams PH (1988) Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) 1. Genome evolution of diploid and amphidiploid species. Theor Appl Genet 75:784–794

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Song KM, Osborn TC, Williams PH (1990) Brassica taxonomy based on nuclear restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) 3. Genome relationships in Brassica and related genera and the origin of B. oleracea and B. rapa (syn. campestris). Theor Appl Genet 76:497–506

    Google Scholar 

  • Swofford DL (1998) PAUP* Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods) (version 4). Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, Massachusetts, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson JD, Gibson TJ, Plewniak F, Jeanmougin F, Higgins DG (1997) The Clustal X windows interface: flexible strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools. Nucleic Acids Res 24:4876–4882

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • U N (1935) Genome analysis in Brassica with special reference to the experimental formation of B. napus and peculiar mode of fertilization. Jpn J Bot 7:389–452

    Google Scholar 

  • Warwick SI, Black LD (1991) Molecular systematics of Brassica and allied genera (subtribe Brassicinae, Brassiceae) - chloroplast genome and cytodeme congruence. Theor Appl Genet 82:81–92

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wendel JF, Schnabel A, Seelanan T (1995a) An unusal ribosomal DNA sequence from Gossypium gossypioides reveals ancient, cryptic, intergenomic introgression. Mol Phylogenet Evol 4:298–313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wendel JF, Schnabel A, Seelanan T (1995b) Bidirectional interlocus concerted evolution following allopolyploid speciation in cotton (Gossypium). Proc Natl Acad Sci 92:280–284

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis M, Gelfand D, Sninsky JJ, White TJ (eds) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, San Diego, Calif, pp 315–322

  • Yang YW, Lai KN, Tai PY, Ma DP, Li WH (1999) Molecular phylogenetic studies of Brassica, Rorippa Arabidopsis, and allied genera based on the internal transcribed spacer region of 18S–25S rDNA. Mol Phylogenet Evol 13:455–462

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang YW, Tai PY, Chen Y, Li WH (2002) A study of the phylogeny of B.rapa, B.nigra, Raphanus sativus, and their related genera using noncoding regions of chloroplast DNA. Mol Phylogenet Evol 13:455–462

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan YM, Kupfer P, Doyle JJ (1996) Infrageneric phylogeny of the genus Gentiana inferred from nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacers of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Am J Bot 83:641–652

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We are thankful to the Institute of Vegetable and Flower, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of China for providing us some accessions in this investigation. We are also grateful to Dr Chen Shi-chao and Zheng Xiao-yan for their generosity in offering the analysis software and valuable advice.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Functional Improvement for Horticultural Plant, Department of Horticultural Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, P.R. China

    Xiao-Hua Qi, Ming-Fang Zhang & Jing-Hua Yang

  2. Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310029, P.R. China

    Xiao-Hua Qi, Ming-Fang Zhang & Jing-Hua Yang

Authors
  1. Xiao-Hua Qi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ming-Fang Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jing-Hua Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ming-Fang Zhang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Qi, XH., Zhang, MF. & Yang, JH. Molecular phylogeny of Chinese vegetable mustard (Brassica juncea) based on the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA. Genet Resour Crop Evol 54, 1709–1716 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-006-9179-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-006-9179-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation