Abstract
Wheat breeding in Pakistan started in 1930s before partition in the United India and so far has released more than 68 cultivars, but no systematic analyses of the genetic diversity of Pakistan wheat have been made. Twenty Pakistan wheat cultivars released from 1933 to 2002 were examined for genetic diversity and relationships using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Forty-two RAPD primers were applied and 184 polymorphic bands were generated for each cultivar. Most of the cultivars were genetically interrelated, although six of them displayed some genetic distinctness. The RAPD variation observed among these cultivars was low. Only 40.7% of the total scorable bands were polymorphic, and 26.1% of the polymorphic bands were observed most frequently (f = 0.95) among the 20 cultivars. The proportions of polymorphic bands for each cultivar ranged from 0.67 in ‘Yecora’ to 0.84 in ‘C-250’ with an average of 0.76. About 1.4% of the RAPD variation might have been fixed over the 69 years of wheat breeding, but such fixation was not statistically significant. These results are significant for future improvement and conservation of Pakistan wheat.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B.L. Apostol W.C.V. Black B.R. Miller P. Reiter B.J. Beaty (1993) ArticleTitleEstimation of the number of full sibling families at an oviposition site using RAPD-PCR markers: applications to the mosquito Aedes aegypti Theor. Appl. Genet. 86 991–1000 Occurrence Handle10.1007/BF00211052
W.G. Cao P.S.G. Hucl R.N. Chibbar (1998) ArticleTitleGenetic diversity within spelta and macha wheats based on RAPD analysis Euphytica 104 181–189 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1018628102650
L. Excoffier P.E. Smouse J.M. Quattro (1992) ArticleTitleAnalysis of molecular variance inferred from metric distances among DNA haplotypes: application to human mitochondrial DNA restriction data Genetics 131 479–491 Occurrence Handle1644282
Y.B. Fu S. Kibite K.W. Richards (2004) ArticleTitleAmplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of 96 Canadian oat cultivars released between 1886 and 2001 Canad. J. Plant Sci. 84 23–30
G.A. Gerashchenkov V.I. Gorbunova L.D. Zarianova N.A. Rozhnova V.A. Bal (2000) ArticleTitleRAPD-PCR analysis of the variability of spring common wheat cultivar genomes and their androclinal double haploid form Genetika 36 1081–1087 Occurrence Handle11033779
A. Hussain (1995) Wheat and Barley Varieties of Pakistan ICARDA/NSRD Pakistan 105
M.S. Mukhtar M. Rahman Y. Zafar (2002) ArticleTitleAssessment of genetic diversity among wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars from a range of locations across Pakistan using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis Euphytica 128 417–425 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1021261811454
F.J. Rohlf (1997) NTSYS-pc 2.1. Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System Exeter Software Setauket, NY
S. Schneider D. Roessli L. Excoffier (2002) Arlequin ver 2.001: a software for population genetics data analysis Genetics and Biometry Laboratory, University of Geneva Geneva
Sun Q., Ni Z., Liu Z., Gao J. and Haung T. 1998. Genetic diversity in elite wheat cultivars revealed by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA. Ann. Wheat News. Items from China 44.
Weng Y.J. and Hai L. 2000. Genetic diversity of salt tolerant germplasm in wheat by RAPD. Poster of Plant and Animal Genome VIII Conference (http://www.intl-pag.com/pag/8/abstracts/pag8372.html, verified on May 12, 2004).
J.K.G. Williams A.R. Kubelik K.J. Livak J.A. Rafalski S.V. Tingey (1990) ArticleTitleDNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers Nucleic Acid. Res. 18 6531–6535 Occurrence Handle1979162
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ahmad Khan, I., Saeed Awan, F., Ahmad, A. et al. Genetic diversity of Pakistan wheat germplasm as revealed by RAPD markers. Genet Resour Crop Evol 52, 239–244 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-004-5730-z
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-004-5730-z