Abstract
Plant lectins through their multivalent quaternary structures bind intrinsically flexible oligosaccharides. They recognize fine structural differences in carbohydrates and interact with different sequences in mucin core 2 or complex-type N-glycan chain and also in healthy and malignant tissues. They are used in characterizing cellular and extracellular glycoconjugates modified in pathological processes. We study here, the complex carbohydrate-lectin interactions by determining the effects of substituents in mucin core 2 tetrasaccharide Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-6(Galβ1-3)GalNAcα-O-R and fetuin glycopeptides on their binding to agarose-immobilized lectins PNA, RCA-I, SNA-I and WGA. Briefly, in mucin core 2 tetrasaccharide (i) structures modified by α2-3/6-Sialyl LacNAc, LewisX and α1-3-Galactosyl LacNAc resulted in regular binding to PNA whereas compounds with 6-sulfo LacNAc displayed no-binding; (ii) strucures bearing α2-6-sialyl 6-sulfo LacNAc, or 6-sialyl LacdiNAc carbohydrates displayed strong binding to SNA-I; (iii) structures with α2-3/6-sialyl, α1-3Gal LacNAc or LewisX were non-binder to RCA-I and compounds with 6-sulfo LacNAc only displayed weak binding; (iv) structures containing LewisX, 6-Sulfo LewisX, α2-3/6-sialyl LacNAc, α2-3/6-sialyl 6-sulfo LacNAc and GalNAc Lewis-a were non-binding to WGA, those with α1-2Fucosyl, α1-3-Galactosyl LacNAc, α2-3-sialyl T-hapten plus 3ʹ/6ʹsulfo LacNAc displayed weak binding, and compounds with α2-3-sialyl T-hapten, α2.6-Sialyl LacdiNAc, α2-3-sialyl D-Fucβ1-3 GalNAc and Fucα-1-2 D-Fucβ-1-3GalNAc displaying regular binding and GalNAc LewisX and LacdiNAc plus D-Fuc β-1-3 GalNAcα resulting in tight binding. RCA-I binds Fetuin triantennary asialoglycopeptide 100 % after α-2-3 and 25 % after α-2-6 sialylation, 30 % after α-1-2 and 100 % after α-1-3 fucosylation, and 50 % after α-1-3 galactosylation. WGA binds 3-but not 6-Fucosyl chitobiose core. Thus, information on the influence of complex carbohydrate chain constituents on lectin binding is apparently essential for the potential application of lectins in glycoconjugate research.
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Abbreviations
- AA/CP:
-
Acrylyamide copolymer
- AAL:
-
Aleuria aurantia lectin
- Al:
-
Allyl
- Bn:
-
Benzyl
- BGA:
-
Blood group antigen
- BSA:
-
Bovine serum albumin
- BSM:
-
Bovine submaxillary mucin
- CGM:
-
Cowper’s gland mucin
- CMP:
-
Cytidine 5′ monophosphate
- FOG:
-
Fetuin O-glycosidic
- FTA:
-
Fetuin triantennary
- GP:
-
Glycopeptide
- LacNAc:
-
Galβ1, 4GlcNAc
- Me:
-
Methyl
- Mucin Core 2:
-
Galβ1-3(GlcNAcβ1-6)GalNAcα-o-Ser/Thr
- PGM:
-
Pig gastric mucin
- PNA:
-
Peanut agglutinin
- RCA-I:
-
Ricinus communis agglutinin-I
- SNA-I:
-
Sambucus nigra agglutinin-I
- ST:
-
Sialyltransferase
- T-hapten:
-
Galβ1-3GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr
- Tn-hapten:
-
GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr
- WGA:
-
Wheat germ agglutinin
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Acknowledgments
The study was supported by NIH Grants CA 35329; HL103411 and DOD grant W81XWH-06-1-0013.
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Chandrasekaran, E., Xue, J., Xia, J. et al. Novel interactions of complex carbohydrates with peanut (PNA), Ricinus communis (RCA-I), Sambucus nigra (SNA-I) and wheat germ (WGA) agglutinins as revealed by the binding specificities of these lectins towards mucin core-2 O-linked and N-linked glycans and related structures. Glycoconj J 33, 819–836 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-016-9678-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-016-9678-y