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Salivary Glyco-sialylation changes monitors oral carcinogenesis

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Abstract

Alterations in cell membrane glycosylation play important role in oral carcinogenesis. The present study evaluated salivary sialylation changes i.e. total sialic acid (TSA), sialidase activity, linkage specific (α2-3 and α2-6) sialoproteins and sialyl transferase (ST) activity in controls, patients with oral precancerous conditions (OPC) and oral cancer. Subjects enrolled included 100 controls, 50 patients with OPC, 100 oral cancer patients, and 30 post treatment follow-ups. TSA was estimated by spectrophotometric method, sialidase activity by spectrofluorometric assay and linkage specific biotinylated lectins (α2-3: sambucus nigra agglutinin and α2-6: maackia amurensis agglutinin) were used to detect α-2,3 and α-2,6 STs and sialoproteins by ELISA and dot blot respectively. An increasing trend of salivary TSA/TP ratio, sialidase activity, α2-3 sialoproteins, α-2,3 and α-2,6 ST activities was observed from controls to patients with OPC to oral cancer patients and levels were significantly elevated in oral cancer patients as compared to the controls. Sialidase activity exhibited significant association with metastasis and infiltration. Sialidase activity, TSA/TP ratio, α-2,3 and α-2,6 ST activities were found to be higher in patients with metastasis as compared to patients without metastasis. A progressive increase in TSA/TP ratio, sialidase activity, α2-3 and α2-6 sialoproteins was observed from controls to early to advanced stage of the disease. Sialidase activity, α2-3 and α2-6 sialoproteins and ST activities were found to be decreased in complete responders; while levels were elevated in non-responders. The results documented utility of salivary sialylation endpoints, a non invasive tool in monitoring of oral carcinogenesis.

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Abbreviations

AJCC:

American Joint Committee on Cancer

AUC:

Area under curve

CI:

Confidence interval

CR:

Complete responders

ELISA:

Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

IDV:

Integrated density value

LN:

Lymph node

OPC:

Oral precancerous conditions

MAM:

Maackia amurensis

MU:

Methyl umbelliferone

NR:

Non-responders

PNP:

p-Nitrophenol

PT:

Pretreatment

pTNM:

Pathological tumor node metastasis

RT:

Room temperature

SEM:

Standard error of mean

SNA:

Sambucus nigra agglutinin

ST:

Sialyl transferase

TP:

Total proteins

TSA:

Total sialic acid

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Acknowledgement

The authors are thankful to Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi. The project was partly funded by ICMR Grant No: 5/13/95/2003-NCD-III

Conflict of Interest

None declared.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biochemistry Research Division, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, 380 016, Gujarat, India

    Bhairavi N. Vajaria, Kinjal R. Patel, Jayendra B. Patel, Franky D. Shah & Prabhudas S. Patel

  2. Department of Biochemistry, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India

    Rasheedunnisa Begum

  3. Deputy Director, The Gujarat Cancer & Research Institute, Asarwa, Ahmedabad, 380 016, Gujarat, India

    Geeta M. Joshi

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  1. Bhairavi N. Vajaria
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Correspondence to Prabhudas S. Patel.

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Vajaria, B.N., Patel, K.R., Begum, R. et al. Salivary Glyco-sialylation changes monitors oral carcinogenesis. Glycoconj J 31, 649–659 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-014-9561-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10719-014-9561-7

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